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<a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/constants.rst?plain=1"145 rel="nofollow">Show source146 </a>147 </li>148 149 </ul>150 </div>151 </nav>152 </div>153</div>154 155 156 <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="Related">157 <h3>Navigation</h3>158 <ul>159 <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">160 <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"161 accesskey="I">index</a></li>162 <li class="right" >163 <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"164 >modules</a> |</li>165 <li class="right" >166 <a href="stdtypes.html" title="Built-in Types"167 accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>168 <li class="right" >169 <a href="functions.html" title="Built-in Functions"170 accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>171 172 <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"></li>173 <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>174 <li class="switchers">175 <div 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They are:</p>219<dl class="py data">220<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="False">221<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">False</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#False" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>222<dd><p>The false value of the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#bool" title="bool"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bool</span></code></a> type. Assignments to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>223are illegal and raise a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a>.</p>224</dd></dl>225 226<dl class="py data">227<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="True">228<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">True</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#True" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>229<dd><p>The true value of the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#bool" title="bool"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bool</span></code></a> type. Assignments to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>230are illegal and raise a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a>.</p>231</dd></dl>232 233<dl class="py data">234<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="None">235<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">None</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#None" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>236<dd><p>An object frequently used to represent the absence of a value, as when237default arguments are not passed to a function. Assignments to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>238are illegal and raise a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a>.239<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> is the sole instance of the <a class="reference internal" href="types.html#types.NoneType" title="types.NoneType"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NoneType</span></code></a> type.</p>240</dd></dl>241 242<dl class="py data">243<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="NotImplemented">244<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#NotImplemented" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>245<dd><p>A special value which should be returned by the binary special methods246(e.g. <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__eq__" title="object.__eq__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__eq__()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__lt__" title="object.__lt__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__lt__()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__add__" title="object.__add__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__add__()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__rsub__" title="object.__rsub__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__rsub__()</span></code></a>,247etc.) to indicate that the operation is not implemented with respect to248the other type; may be returned by the in-place binary special methods249(e.g. <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__imul__" title="object.__imul__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__imul__()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__iand__" title="object.__iand__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__iand__()</span></code></a>, etc.) for the same purpose.250It should not be evaluated in a boolean context.251<code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code> is the sole instance of the <a class="reference internal" href="types.html#types.NotImplementedType" title="types.NotImplementedType"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types.NotImplementedType</span></code></a> type.</p>252<div class="admonition note">253<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>254<p>When a binary (or in-place) method returns <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code> the255interpreter will try the reflected operation on the other type (or some256other fallback, depending on the operator). If all attempts return257<code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code>, the interpreter will raise an appropriate exception.258Incorrectly returning <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code> will result in a misleading259error message or the <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code> value being returned to Python code.</p>260<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#implementing-the-arithmetic-operations"><span class="std std-ref">Implementing the arithmetic operations</span></a> for examples.</p>261</div>262<div class="admonition caution">263<p class="admonition-title">Caution</p>264<p><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplementedError</span></code> are not265interchangeable. This constant should only be used as described266above; see <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#NotImplementedError" title="NotImplementedError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplementedError</span></code></a> for details on correct usage267of the exception.</p>268</div>269<div class="versionchanged">270<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.9: </span>Evaluating <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code> in a boolean context was deprecated.</p>271</div>272<div class="versionchanged">273<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.14: </span>Evaluating <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code> in a boolean context now raises a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>.274It previously evaluated to <a class="reference internal" href="#True" title="True"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a> and emitted a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a>275since Python 3.9.</p>276</div>277</dd></dl>278 279<dl class="py data" id="index-0">280<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="Ellipsis">281<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Ellipsis</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#Ellipsis" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>282<dd><p>The same as the ellipsis literal “<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">...</span></code>”, an object frequently used to283indicate that something is omitted. Assignment to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ellipsis</span></code> is possible, but284assignment to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">...</span></code> raises a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a>.285<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ellipsis</span></code> is the sole instance of the <a class="reference internal" href="types.html#types.EllipsisType" title="types.EllipsisType"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types.EllipsisType</span></code></a> type.</p>286</dd></dl>287 288<dl class="py data">289<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="debug__">290<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">__debug__</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#debug__" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>291<dd><p>This constant is true if Python was not started with an <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-O"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-O</span></code></a> option.292See also the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/simple_stmts.html#assert"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert</span></code></a> statement.</p>293</dd></dl>294 295<div class="admonition note">296<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>297<p>The names <a class="reference internal" href="#None" title="None"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#False" title="False"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#True" title="True"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#debug__" title="__debug__"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__debug__</span></code></a>298cannot be reassigned (assignments to them, even as an attribute name, raise299<a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a>), so they can be considered “true” constants.</p>300</div>301<section id="constants-added-by-the-site-module">302<span id="site-consts"></span><h2>Constants added by the <a class="reference internal" href="site.html#module-site" title="site: Module responsible for site-specific configuration."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site</span></code></a> module<a class="headerlink" href="#constants-added-by-the-site-module" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>303<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="site.html#module-site" title="site: Module responsible for site-specific configuration."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site</span></code></a> module (which is imported automatically during startup, except304if the <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-S"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-S</span></code></a> command-line option is given) adds several constants to the305built-in namespace. They are useful for the interactive interpreter shell and306should not be used in programs.</p>307<dl class="py data">308<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="quit">309<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">quit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">code</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#quit" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>310<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="exit">311<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">exit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">code</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#exit" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>312<dd><p>Objects that when printed, print a message like “Use quit() or Ctrl-D313(i.e. EOF) to exit”, and when accessed directly in the interactive314interpreter or called as functions, raise <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#SystemExit" title="SystemExit"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SystemExit</span></code></a> with the315specified exit code.</p>316</dd></dl>317 318<dl class="py data">319<dt class="sig sig-object py">320<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">help</span></span></dt>321<dd><p>Object that when printed, prints the message “Type help() for interactive322help, or help(object) for help about object.”, and when accessed directly323in the interactive interpreter, invokes the built-in help system324(see <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#help" title="help"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">help()</span></code></a>).</p>325</dd></dl>326 327<dl class="py data">328<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="copyright">329<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">copyright</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#copyright" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>330<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="credits">331<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">credits</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#credits" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>332<dd><p>Objects that when printed or called, print the text of copyright or333credits, respectively.</p>334</dd></dl>335 336<dl class="py data">337<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="license">338<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">license</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#license" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>339<dd><p>Object that when printed, prints the message “Type license() to see the340full license text”, and when called, displays the full license text in a341pager-like fashion (one screen at a time).</p>342</dd></dl>343 344</section>345</section>346 347 348 <div class="clearer"></div>349 </div>350 </div>351 </div>352 <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="Main">353 <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">354 <div>355 <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>356 <ul>357<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Built-in Constants</a><ul>358<li><a class="reference internal" href="#constants-added-by-the-site-module">Constants added by the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site</span></code> module</a></li>359</ul>360</li>361</ul>362 363 </div>364 <div>365 <h4>Previous topic</h4>366 <p class="topless"><a href="functions.html"367 title="previous chapter">Built-in Functions</a></p>368 </div>369 <div>370 <h4>Next topic</h4>371 <p class="topless"><a href="stdtypes.html"372 title="next chapter">Built-in Types</a></p>373 </div>374 <script>375 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