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</li>171 <li id="cpython-language-and-version">172 <a href="../index.html">3.15.0a6 Documentation</a> »173 </li>174 175 <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li>176 <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="cmdlinelibs.html" accesskey="U">Command-line interface libraries</a> »</li>177 <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getpass</span></code> — Portable password input</a></li>178 <li class="right">179 180 181 <div class="inline-search" role="search">182 <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">183 <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box">184 <input type="submit" value="Go">185 </form>186 </div>187 |188 </li>189 <li class="right">190<label class="theme-selector-label">191 Theme192 <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)">193 <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option>194 <option value="light">Light</option>195 <option value="dark">Dark</option>196 </select>197</label> |</li>198 199 </ul>200 </div> 201 202 <div class="document">203 <div class="documentwrapper">204 <div class="bodywrapper">205 <div class="body" role="main">206 207 <section id="module-getpass">208<span id="getpass-portable-password-input"></span><h1><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getpass</span></code> — Portable password input<a class="headerlink" href="#module-getpass" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>209<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="extlink-source reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/main/Lib/getpass.py">Lib/getpass.py</a></p>210<hr class="docutils" />211<div class="availability docutils container">212<p><a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#availability"><span class="std std-ref">Availability</span></a>: not WASI.</p>213<p>This module does not work or is not available on WebAssembly. See214<a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#wasm-availability"><span class="std std-ref">WebAssembly platforms</span></a> for more information.</p>215</div>216<p>The <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getpass</span></code> module provides two functions:</p>217<dl class="py function">218<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="getpass.getpass">219<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">getpass.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getpass</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">prompt</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">'Password:</span> <span class="pre">'</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">stream</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="keyword-only-separator o"><abbr title="Keyword-only parameters separator (PEP 3102)"><span class="pre">*</span></abbr></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">echo_char</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#getpass.getpass" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>220<dd><p>Prompt the user for a password without echoing. The user is prompted using221the string <em>prompt</em>, which defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'Password:</span> <span class="pre">'</span></code>. On Unix, the222prompt is written to the file-like object <em>stream</em> using the replace error223handler if needed. <em>stream</em> defaults to the controlling terminal224(<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/tty</span></code>) or if that is unavailable to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stderr</span></code> (this225argument is ignored on Windows).</p>226<p>The <em>echo_char</em> argument controls how user input is displayed while typing.227If <em>echo_char</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> (default), input remains hidden. Otherwise,228<em>echo_char</em> must be a single printable ASCII character and each229typed character is replaced by it. For example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">echo_char='*'</span></code> will230display asterisks instead of the actual input.</p>231<p>If echo free input is unavailable getpass() falls back to printing232a warning message to <em>stream</em> and reading from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdin</span></code> and233issuing a <a class="reference internal" href="#getpass.GetPassWarning" title="getpass.GetPassWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GetPassWarning</span></code></a>.</p>234<div class="admonition note">235<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>236<p>If you call getpass from within IDLE, the input may be done in the237terminal you launched IDLE from rather than the idle window itself.</p>238</div>239<div class="admonition note">240<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>241<p>On Unix systems, when <em>echo_char</em> is set, the terminal will be242configured to operate in243<em class="manpage"><a class="manpage reference external" href="https://manpages.debian.org/termios(3)#Canonical_and_noncanonical_mode">noncanonical mode</a></em>.244In particular, this means that line editing shortcuts such as245<kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">U</kbd> will not work and may insert unexpected characters into246the input.</p>247</div>248<div class="versionchanged">249<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.14: </span>Added the <em>echo_char</em> parameter for keyboard feedback.</p>250</div>251</dd></dl>252 253<dl class="py exception">254<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="getpass.GetPassWarning">255<em class="property"><span class="k"><span class="pre">exception</span></span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">getpass.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">GetPassWarning</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#getpass.GetPassWarning" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>256<dd><p>A <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#UserWarning" title="UserWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UserWarning</span></code></a> subclass issued when password input may be echoed.</p>257</dd></dl>258 259<dl class="py function">260<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="getpass.getuser">261<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">getpass.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getuser</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#getpass.getuser" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>262<dd><p>Return the “login name” of the user.</p>263<p>This function checks the environment variables <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LOGNAME</span></code>,264<span class="target" id="index-1"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">USER</span></code>, <code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LNAME</span></code> and <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">USERNAME</span></code>, in order, and265returns the value of the first one which is set to a non-empty string. If266none are set, the login name from the password database is returned on267systems which support the <a class="reference internal" href="pwd.html#module-pwd" title="pwd: The password database (getpwnam() and friends)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pwd</span></code></a> module, otherwise, an <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#OSError" title="OSError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OSError</span></code></a>268is raised.</p>269<p>In general, this function should be preferred over <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.getlogin" title="os.getlogin"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.getlogin()</span></code></a>.</p>270<div class="versionchanged">271<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.13: </span>Previously, various exceptions beyond just <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#OSError" title="OSError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OSError</span></code></a> were raised.</p>272</div>273</dd></dl>274 275</section>276 277 278 <div class="clearer"></div>279 </div>280 </div>281 </div>282 <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="Main">283 <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">284 <div>285 <h4>Previous topic</h4>286 <p class="topless"><a href="optparse.html"287 title="previous chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code> — Parser for command line options</a></p>288 </div>289 <div>290 <h4>Next topic</h4>291 <p class="topless"><a href="fileinput.html"292 title="next chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fileinput</span></code> — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams</a></p>293 </div>294 <script>295 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {296 const title = document.querySelector('meta[property="og:title"]').content;297 const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.improvepage');298 const pageurl = window.location.href.split('?')[0];299 elements.forEach(element => {300 const url = new URL(element.href.split('?')[0].replace("-nojs", ""));301 url.searchParams.set('pagetitle', title);302 url.searchParams.set('pageurl', pageurl);303 url.searchParams.set('pagesource', "library/getpass.rst");304 element.href = url.toString();305 });306 });307 </script>308 <div role="note" aria-label="source link">309 <h3>This page</h3>310 <ul class="this-page-menu">311 <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a bug</a></li>312 <li><a class="improvepage" href="../improve-page-nojs.html">Improve this page</a></li>313 <li>314 <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/getpass.rst?plain=1"315 rel="nofollow">Show source316 </a>317 </li>318 319 </ul>320 </div>321 </div>322<div id="sidebarbutton" title="Collapse sidebar">323<span>«</span>324</div>325 326 </div>327 <div class="clearer"></div>328 </div> 329 <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="Related">330 <h3>Navigation</h3>331 <ul>332 <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">333 <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"334 >index</a></li>335 <li class="right" >336 <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"337 >modules</a> |</li>338 <li class="right" >339 <a href="fileinput.html" title="fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams"340 >next</a> |</li>341 <li class="right" >342 <a href="optparse.html" title="optparse — Parser for command line options"343 >previous</a> |</li>344 345 <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; 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