codekingpro/portable-devtools

1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 21. Client Authentication</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="runtime-config-short.html" title="20.18. Short Options" /><link rel="next" href="auth-pg-hba-conf.html" title="21.1. The pg_hba.conf File" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">Chapter 21. Client Authentication</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="runtime-config-short.html" title="20.18. Short Options">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="admin.html" title="Part III. Server Administration">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Server Administration</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="auth-pg-hba-conf.html" title="21.1. The pg_hba.conf File">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter" id="CLIENT-AUTHENTICATION"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">Chapter 21. Client Authentication</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-pg-hba-conf.html">21.1. The <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code> File</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-username-maps.html">21.2. User Name Maps</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-methods.html">21.3. Authentication Methods</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-trust.html">21.4. Trust Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-password.html">21.5. Password Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="gssapi-auth.html">21.6. GSSAPI Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="sspi-auth.html">21.7. SSPI Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-ident.html">21.8. Ident Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-peer.html">21.9. Peer Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-ldap.html">21.10. LDAP Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-radius.html">21.11. RADIUS Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-cert.html">21.12. Certificate Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-pam.html">21.13. PAM Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="auth-bsd.html">21.14. BSD Authentication</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="client-authentication-problems.html">21.15. Authentication Problems</a></span></dt></dl></div><a id="id-1.6.8.2" class="indexterm"></a><p>3  When a client application connects to the database server, it4  specifies which <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> database user name it5  wants to connect as, much the same way one logs into a Unix computer6  as a particular user. Within the SQL environment the active database7  user name determines access privileges to database objects — see8  <a class="xref" href="user-manag.html" title="Chapter 22. Database Roles">Chapter 22</a> for more information. Therefore, it is9  essential to restrict which database users can connect.10 </p><div class="note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>11   As explained in <a class="xref" href="user-manag.html" title="Chapter 22. Database Roles">Chapter 22</a>,12   <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> actually does privilege13   management in terms of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">roles</span>”</span>.  In this chapter, we14   consistently use <em class="firstterm">database user</em> to mean <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">role with the15   <code class="literal">LOGIN</code> privilege</span>”</span>.16  </p></div><p>17  <em class="firstterm">Authentication</em> is the process by which the18  database server establishes the identity of the client, and by19  extension determines whether the client application (or the user20  who runs the client application) is permitted to connect with the21  database user name that was requested.22 </p><p>23  <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> offers a number of different24  client authentication methods. The method used to authenticate a25  particular client connection can be selected on the basis of26  (client) host address, database, and user.27 </p><p>28  <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> database user names are logically29  separate from user names of the operating system in which the server30  runs. If all the users of a particular server also have accounts on31  the server's machine, it makes sense to assign database user names32  that match their operating system user names. However, a server that33  accepts remote connections might have many database users who have no local34  operating system35  account, and in such cases there need be no connection between36  database user names and OS user names.37 </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="runtime-config-short.html" title="20.18. Short Options">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="admin.html" title="Part III. Server Administration">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="auth-pg-hba-conf.html" title="21.1. The pg_hba.conf File">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">20.18. Short Options </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 21.1. The <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code> File</td></tr></table></div></body></html>