codekingpro/portable-devtools
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>E.4. Release 16</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="release-16-1.html" title="E.3. Release 16.1" /><link rel="next" href="release-prior.html" title="E.5. Prior Releases" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">E.4. Release 16</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="release-16-1.html" title="E.3. Release 16.1">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="release.html" title="Appendix E. Release Notes">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Appendix E. Release Notes</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="release-prior.html" title="E.5. Prior Releases">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="sect1" id="RELEASE-16"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">E.4. Release 16 <a href="#RELEASE-16" class="id_link">#</a></h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-16.html#RELEASE-16-HIGHLIGHTS">E.4.1. Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-16.html#RELEASE-16-MIGRATION">E.4.2. Migration to Version 16</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-16.html#RELEASE-16-CHANGES">E.4.3. Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-16.html#RELEASE-16-ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS">E.4.4. Acknowledgments</a></span></dt></dl></div><p><strong>Release date: </strong>2023-09-14</p><div class="sect2" id="RELEASE-16-HIGHLIGHTS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.4.1. Overview <a href="#RELEASE-16-HIGHLIGHTS" class="id_link">#</a></h3></div></div></div><p>3 <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 16 contains many new features4 and enhancements, including:5 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>6 Allow parallelization of <code class="literal">FULL</code> and internal right <code class="literal">OUTER</code> hash joins7 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>8 Allow logical replication from standby servers9 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>10 Allow logical replication subscribers to apply large transactions in parallel11 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>12 Allow monitoring of <acronym class="acronym">I/O</acronym> statistics using the new <code class="structname">pg_stat_io</code> view13 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>14 Add <acronym class="acronym">SQL/JSON</acronym> constructors and identity functions15 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>16 Improve performance of vacuum freezing17 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>18 Add support for regular expression matching of user and database names in <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code>, and user names in <code class="filename">pg_ident.conf</code>19 </p></li></ul></div><p>20 The above items and other new features of21 <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 16 are explained in more detail22 in the sections below.23 </p></div><div class="sect2" id="RELEASE-16-MIGRATION"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.4.2. Migration to Version 16 <a href="#RELEASE-16-MIGRATION" class="id_link">#</a></h3></div></div></div><p>24 A dump/restore using <a class="xref" href="app-pg-dumpall.html" title="pg_dumpall"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_dumpall</span></span></a> or use of25 <a class="xref" href="pgupgrade.html" title="pg_upgrade"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_upgrade</span></span></a> or logical replication is required for26 those wishing to migrate data from any previous release. See <a class="xref" href="upgrading.html" title="19.6. Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster">Section 19.6</a> for general information on migrating to new27 major releases.28 </p><p>29 Version 16 contains a number of changes that may affect compatibility30 with previous releases. Observe the following incompatibilities:31 </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>32 Change assignment rules for <a class="link" href="plpgsql-cursors.html#PLPGSQL-OPEN-BOUND-CURSOR" title="43.7.2.3. Opening a Bound Cursor"><span class="application">PL/pgSQL</span></a>33 bound cursor variables (Tom Lane)34 </p><p>35 Previously, the string value of such variables36 was set to match the variable name during cursor37 assignment; now it will be assigned during <a class="link" href="plpgsql-cursors.html#PLPGSQL-CURSOR-OPENING" title="43.7.2. Opening Cursors"><code class="command">OPEN</code></a>,38 and will not match the variable name. To restore the previous39 behavior, assign the desired portal name to the cursor variable40 before <code class="command">OPEN</code>.41 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>42 Disallow <a class="link" href="sql-createindex.html" title="CREATE INDEX"><code class="literal">NULLS NOT43 DISTINCT</code></a> indexes for primary keys (Daniel44 Gustafsson)45 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>46 Change <a class="link" href="sql-reindex.html" title="REINDEX"><code class="command">REINDEX47 DATABASE</code></a> and <a class="link" href="app-reindexdb.html" title="reindexdb"><span class="application">reindexdb</span></a>48 to not process indexes on system catalogs (Simon Riggs)49 </p><p>50 Processing such indexes is still possible using <code class="command">REINDEX51 SYSTEM</code> and <a class="link" href="app-reindexdb.html" title="reindexdb"><code class="command">reindexdb52 --system</code></a>.53 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>54 Tighten <a class="link" href="ddl-generated-columns.html" title="5.3. Generated Columns"><code class="literal">GENERATED</code></a>55 expression restrictions on inherited and partitioned tables (Amit56 Langote, Tom Lane)57 </p><p>58 Columns of parent/partitioned and child/partition tables must all59 have the same generation status, though now the actual generation60 expressions can be different.61 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>62 Remove <a class="link" href="pgwalinspect.html" title="F.37. pg_walinspect — low-level WAL inspection"><span class="application">pg_walinspect</span></a>63 functions64 <code class="function">pg_get_wal_records_info_till_end_of_wal()</code>65 and <code class="function">pg_get_wal_stats_till_end_of_wal()</code>66 (Bharath Rupireddy)67 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>68 Rename server variable69 <code class="varname">force_parallel_mode</code> to <a class="link" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-DEBUG-PARALLEL-QUERY"><code class="varname">debug_parallel_query</code></a>70 (David Rowley)71 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>72 Remove the ability to <a class="link" href="sql-createview.html" title="CREATE VIEW">create73 views</a> manually with <code class="literal">ON SELECT</code> rules74 (Tom Lane)75 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>76 Remove the server variable77 <code class="varname">vacuum_defer_cleanup_age</code> (Andres Freund)78 </p><p>79 This has been unnecessary since <a class="link" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-HOT-STANDBY-FEEDBACK"><code class="varname">hot_standby_feedback</code></a>80 and <a class="link" href="warm-standby.html#STREAMING-REPLICATION-SLOTS" title="27.2.6. Replication Slots">replication81 slots</a> were added.82 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>83 Remove server variable <code class="varname">promote_trigger_file</code>84 (Simon Riggs)85 </p><p>86 This was used to promote a standby to primary, but is now more easily87 accomplished with <a class="link" href="app-pg-ctl.html" title="pg_ctl"><code class="literal">pg_ctl88 promote</code></a> or <a class="link" href="functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL-TABLE" title="Table 9.93. Recovery Control Functions"><code class="function">pg_promote()</code></a>.89 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>90 Remove read-only server variables <code class="varname">lc_collate</code>91 and <code class="varname">lc_ctype</code> (Peter Eisentraut)92 </p><p>93 Collations and locales can vary between databases so having them94 as read-only server variables was unhelpful.95 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>96 Role inheritance now controls the default97 inheritance status of member roles added during <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a> (Robert Haas)98 </p><p>99 The role's default inheritance behavior can be overridden with the100 new <code class="command">GRANT ... WITH INHERIT</code> clause. This allows101 inheritance of some roles and not others because the members'102 inheritance status is set at <code class="command">GRANT</code> time.103 Previously the inheritance status of member roles was controlled104 only by the role's inheritance status, and changes to a role's105 inheritance status affected all previous and future member roles.106 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>107 Restrict the privileges of <a class="link" href="sql-createrole.html" title="CREATE ROLE"><code class="literal">CREATEROLE</code></a>108 and its ability to modify other roles (Robert Haas)109 </p><p>110 Previously roles with <code class="literal">CREATEROLE</code> privileges could111 change many aspects of any non-superuser role. Such changes,112 including adding members, now require the role requesting113 the change to have <code class="literal">ADMIN OPTION</code> permission.114 For example, they can now change the <code class="literal">CREATEDB</code>,115 <code class="literal">REPLICATION</code>, and <code class="literal">BYPASSRLS</code>116 properties only if they also have those permissions.117 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>118 Remove symbolic links for the <span class="application">postmaster</span>119 binary (Peter Eisentraut)120 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" id="RELEASE-16-CHANGES"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.4.3. Changes <a href="#RELEASE-16-CHANGES" class="id_link">#</a></h3></div></div></div><p>121 Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between122 <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 16 and the previous major123 release.124 </p><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-SERVER"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.1. Server <a href="#RELEASE-16-SERVER" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-OPTIMIZER"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.1.1. Optimizer <a href="#RELEASE-16-OPTIMIZER" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>125 Allow incremental sorts in more cases, including126 <code class="literal">DISTINCT</code> (David Rowley)127 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>128 Add the ability for aggregates having <code class="literal">ORDER BY</code>129 or <code class="literal">DISTINCT</code> to use pre-sorted data (David130 Rowley)131 </p><p>132 The new server variable <a class="link" href="runtime-config-query.html#GUC-ENABLE-PRESORTED-AGGREGATE"><code class="varname">enable_presorted_aggregate</code></a>133 can be used to disable this.134 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>135 Allow memoize atop a <code class="literal">UNION ALL</code> (Richard Guo)136 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>137 Allow anti-joins to be performed with the non-nullable input as138 the inner relation (Richard Guo)139 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>140 Allow parallelization of <a class="link" href="queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN" title="7.2.1.1. Joined Tables"><code class="literal">FULL</code></a> and internal141 right <code class="literal">OUTER</code> hash joins (Melanie Plageman,142 Thomas Munro)143 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>144 Improve the accuracy of <a class="link" href="gin.html" title="Chapter 70. GIN Indexes"><code class="literal">GIN</code></a> index access optimizer145 costs (Ronan Dunklau)146 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-PERFORMANCE"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.1.2. General Performance <a href="#RELEASE-16-PERFORMANCE" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>147 Allow more efficient addition of heap and index pages (Andres148 Freund)149 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>150 During non-freeze operations, perform page <a class="link" href="routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-WRAPAROUND" title="25.1.5. Preventing Transaction ID Wraparound Failures">freezing</a> where appropriate151 (Peter Geoghegan)152 </p><p>153 This makes full-table freeze vacuums less necessary.154 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>155 Allow window functions to use the faster <a class="link" href="sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-WINDOW-FUNCTIONS" title="4.2.8. Window Function Calls"><code class="literal">ROWS</code></a>156 mode internally when <code class="literal">RANGE</code> mode is active but157 unnecessary (David Rowley)158 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>159 Allow optimization of always-increasing window functions <a class="link" href="functions-window.html#FUNCTIONS-WINDOW-TABLE" title="Table 9.64. General-Purpose Window Functions"><code class="function">ntile()</code></a>,160 <code class="function">cume_dist()</code> and161 <code class="function">percent_rank()</code> (David Rowley)162 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>163 Allow aggregate functions <a class="link" href="functions-aggregate.html#FUNCTIONS-AGGREGATE-TABLE" title="Table 9.59. General-Purpose Aggregate Functions"><code class="function">string_agg()</code></a>164 and <code class="function">array_agg()</code> to be parallelized (David165 Rowley)166 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>167 Improve performance by caching <a class="link" href="ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITIONING-OVERVIEW" title="5.11.1. Overview"><code class="literal">RANGE</code></a>168 and <code class="literal">LIST</code> partition lookups (Amit Langote,169 Hou Zhijie, David Rowley)170 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>171 Allow control of the shared buffer usage by vacuum and analyze172 (Melanie Plageman)173 </p><p>174 The <a class="link" href="sql-vacuum.html" title="VACUUM"><code class="command">VACUUM</code></a>/<a class="link" href="sql-analyze.html" title="ANALYZE"><code class="command">ANALYZE</code></a>175 option is <code class="literal">BUFFER_USAGE_LIMIT</code>, and the <a class="link" href="app-vacuumdb.html" title="vacuumdb"><span class="application">vacuumdb</span></a>176 option is <code class="option">--buffer-usage-limit</code>.177 The default value is set by server variable <a class="link" href="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-VACUUM-BUFFER-USAGE-LIMIT"><code class="varname">vacuum_buffer_usage_limit</code></a>,178 which also controls autovacuum.179 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>180 Support <a class="link" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-WAL-SYNC-METHOD"><code class="literal">wal_sync_method=fdatasync</code></a>181 on <span class="systemitem">Windows</span> (Thomas Munro)182 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>183 Allow <a class="link" href="storage-hot.html" title="73.7. Heap-Only Tuples (HOT)"><acronym class="acronym">HOT</acronym></a>184 updates if only <code class="literal">BRIN</code>-indexed columns are updated185 (Matthias van de Meent, Josef Simanek, Tomas Vondra)186 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>187 Improve the speed of updating the <a class="link" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-UPDATE-PROCESS-TITLE">process title</a> (David188 Rowley)189 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>190 Allow <code class="type">xid</code>/<code class="type">subxid</code> searches and191 <acronym class="acronym">ASCII</acronym> string detection to use vector operations192 (Nathan Bossart, John Naylor)193 </p><p>194 <acronym class="acronym">ASCII</acronym> detection is particularly useful for195 <a class="link" href="sql-copy.html" title="COPY"><code class="command">COPY FROM</code></a>.196 Vector operations are also used for some C array searches.197 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>198 Reduce overhead of memory allocations (Andres Freund, David Rowley)199 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-MONITORING"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.1.3. Monitoring <a href="#RELEASE-16-MONITORING" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>200 Add system view <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-IO-VIEW" title="28.2.13. pg_stat_io"><code class="structname">pg_stat_io</code></a>201 view to track <acronym class="acronym">I/O</acronym> statistics (Melanie Plageman)202 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>203 Record statistics on the last sequential and index scans on tables204 (Dave Page)205 </p><p>206 This information appears in <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#PG-STAT-ALL-TABLES-VIEW" title="Table 28.28. pg_stat_all_tables View"><code class="structname">pg_stat_*_tables</code></a>207 and <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-ALL-INDEXES-VIEW" title="28.2.19. pg_stat_all_indexes"><code class="structname">pg_stat_*_indexes</code></a>.208 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>209 Record statistics on the occurrence of updated rows moving to210 new pages (Corey Huinker)211 </p><p>212 The <code class="literal">pg_stat_*_tables</code> column is <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-ALL-TABLES-VIEW" title="28.2.18. pg_stat_all_tables"><code class="structfield">n_tup_newpage_upd</code></a>.213 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>214 Add speculative lock information to the <a class="link" href="view-pg-locks.html" title="54.12. pg_locks"><code class="structname">pg_locks</code></a>215 system view (Masahiko Sawada, Noriyoshi Shinoda)216 </p><p>217 The transaction id is displayed in the218 <code class="structfield">transactionid</code> column and219 the speculative insertion token is displayed in the220 <code class="structfield">objid</code> column.221 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>222 Add the display of prepared statement result types to the <a class="link" href="view-pg-prepared-statements.html" title="54.15. pg_prepared_statements"><code class="structname">pg_prepared_statements</code></a>223 view (Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker)224 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>225 Create subscription statistics226 entries at subscription creation time so <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#PG-STAT-DATABASE-VIEW" title="Table 28.26. pg_stat_database View"><code class="structfield">stats_reset</code></a>227 is accurate (Andres Freund)228 </p><p>229 Previously entries were created only when the first statistics230 were reported.231 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>232 Correct the <acronym class="acronym">I/O</acronym>233 accounting for temp relation writes shown in <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#PG-STAT-DATABASE-VIEW" title="Table 28.26. pg_stat_database View"><code class="structname">pg_stat_database</code></a>234 (Melanie Plageman)235 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>236 Add function <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-BACKEND-FUNCS-TABLE" title="Table 28.36. Per-Backend Statistics Functions"><code class="function">pg_stat_get_backend_subxact()</code></a>237 to report on a session's subtransaction cache (Dilip Kumar)238 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>239 Have <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-BACKEND-FUNCS-TABLE" title="Table 28.36. Per-Backend Statistics Functions"><code class="function">pg_stat_get_backend_idset()</code></a>,240 <code class="function">pg_stat_get_backend_activity()</code>, and related241 functions use the unchanging backend id (Nathan Bossart)242 </p><p>243 Previously the index values might change during the lifetime of244 the session.245 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>246 Report stand-alone backends with a special backend type (Melanie247 Plageman)248 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>249 Add wait event <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#WAIT-EVENT-TIMEOUT-TABLE" title="Table 28.13. Wait Events of Type Timeout"><code class="literal">SpinDelay</code></a>250 to report spinlock sleep delays (Andres Freund)251 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>252 Create new wait event <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#WAIT-EVENT-IO-TABLE" title="Table 28.9. Wait Events of Type IO"><code class="literal">DSMAllocate</code></a>253 to indicate waiting for dynamic shared memory allocation (Thomas254 Munro)255 </p><p>256 Previously this type of wait was reported as257 <code class="literal">DSMFillZeroWrite</code>, which was also used by258 <code class="function">mmap()</code> allocations.259 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>260 Add the database name to the <a class="link" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-UPDATE-PROCESS-TITLE">process title</a> of logical261 <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> senders (Tatsuhiro Nakamori)262 </p><p>263 Physical <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> senders do not display a database264 name.265 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>266 Add checkpoint and <code class="literal">REDO LSN</code> information to <a class="link" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-CHECKPOINTS"><code class="varname">log_checkpoints</code></a>267 messages (Bharath Rupireddy, Kyotaro Horiguchi)268 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>269 Provide additional details during client certificate failures270 (Jacob Champion)271 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-PRIVILEGES"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.1.4. Privileges <a href="#RELEASE-16-PRIVILEGES" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>272 Add predefined role <a class="link" href="predefined-roles.html" title="22.5. Predefined Roles"><code class="literal">pg_create_subscription</code></a>273 with permission to create subscriptions (Robert Haas)274 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>275 Allow subscriptions to not require passwords (Robert Haas)276 </p><p>277 This is accomplished with the option <a class="link" href="sql-createsubscription.html" title="CREATE SUBSCRIPTION"><code class="literal">password_required=false</code></a>.278 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>279 Simplify permissions for <a class="link" href="sql-lock.html" title="LOCK"><code class="command">LOCK280 TABLE</code></a> (Jeff Davis)281 </p><p>282 Previously a user's ability to perform <code class="command">LOCK283 TABLE</code> at various lock levels was limited to the284 lock levels required by the commands they had permission285 to execute on the table. For example, someone with <a class="link" href="sql-update.html" title="UPDATE"><code class="command">UPDATE</code></a>286 permission could perform all lock levels except <code class="literal">ACCESS287 SHARE</code>, even though it was a lesser lock level. Now users288 can issue lesser lock levels if they already have permission for289 greater lock levels.290 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>291 Allow <a class="link" href="sql-altergroup.html" title="ALTER GROUP"><code class="literal">ALTER GROUP group_name292 ADD USER user_name</code></a> to be performed with <code class="literal">ADMIN293 OPTION</code> (Robert Haas)294 </p><p>295 Previously <code class="literal">CREATEROLE</code> permission was required.296 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>297 Allow <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a>298 to use <code class="literal">WITH ADMIN TRUE</code>/<code class="literal">FALSE</code>299 syntax (Robert Haas)300 </p><p>301 Previously only the <code class="literal">WITH ADMIN OPTION</code> syntax302 was supported.303 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>304 Allow roles that create other roles to automatically305 inherit the new role's rights or the ability to <a class="link" href="sql-set-role.html" title="SET ROLE"><code class="command">SET ROLE</code></a> to the306 new role (Robert Haas, Shi Yu)307 </p><p>308 This is controlled by server variable <a class="link" href="runtime-config-client.html#GUC-CREATEROLE-SELF-GRANT"><code class="varname">createrole_self_grant</code></a>.309 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>310 Prevent users from changing the default privileges of non-inherited311 roles (Robert Haas)312 </p><p>313 This is now only allowed for inherited roles.314 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>315 When granting role membership, require the granted-by role to be316 a role that has appropriate permissions (Robert Haas)317 </p><p>318 This is a requirement even when a non-bootstrap superuser is319 granting role membership.320 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>321 Allow non-superusers to grant permissions using a granted-by user322 that is not the current user (Robert Haas)323 </p><p>324 The current user still must have sufficient permissions given by325 the specified granted-by user.326 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>327 Add <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a> to328 control permission to use <a class="link" href="sql-set-role.html" title="SET ROLE"><code class="command">SET329 ROLE</code></a> (Robert Haas)330 </p><p>331 This is controlled by a new <code class="literal">GRANT ... SET</code>332 option.333 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>334 Add dependency tracking to roles which have granted privileges335 (Robert Haas)336 </p><p>337 For example, removing <code class="literal">ADMIN OPTION</code> will fail if338 there are privileges using that option; <code class="literal">CASCADE</code>339 must be used to revoke dependent permissions.340 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>341 Add dependency tracking of grantors for <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a> records342 (Robert Haas)343 </p><p>344 This guarantees that <a class="link" href="catalog-pg-auth-members.html" title="53.9. pg_auth_members"><code class="structname">pg_auth_members</code></a>.<code class="structfield">grantor</code>345 values are always valid.346 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>347 Allow multiple role membership records (Robert Haas)348 </p><p>349 Previously a new membership grant would remove a previous matching350 membership grant, even if other aspects of the grant did not match.351 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>352 Prevent removal of superuser privileges for the bootstrap user353 (Robert Haas)354 </p><p>355 Restoring such users could lead to errors.356 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>357 Allow <a class="link" href="functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-ACLITEM-FN-TABLE" title="Table 9.70. aclitem Functions"><code class="function">makeaclitem()</code></a>358 to accept multiple privilege names (Robins Tharakan)359 </p><p>360 Previously only a single privilege name, like <a class="link" href="sql-select.html" title="SELECT"><code class="command">SELECT</code></a>, was361 accepted.362 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-SERVER-CONFIG"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.1.5. Server Configuration <a href="#RELEASE-16-SERVER-CONFIG" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>363 Add support for <span class="productname">Kerberos</span> credential364 delegation (Stephen Frost)365 </p><p>366 This is enabled with server variable <a class="link" href="runtime-config-connection.html#GUC-GSS-ACCEPT-DELEGATION"><code class="varname">gss_accept_delegation</code></a>367 and <span class="application">libpq</span> connection parameter <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-GSSDELEGATION"><code class="literal">gssdelegation</code></a>.368 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>369 Allow the <acronym class="acronym">SCRAM</acronym> iteration370 count to be set with server variable <a class="link" href="runtime-config-connection.html#GUC-SCRAM-ITERATIONS"><code class="varname">scram_iterations</code></a>371 (Daniel Gustafsson)372 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>373 Improve performance of server variable management (Tom Lane)374 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>375 Tighten restrictions on which server variables can be reset376 (Masahiko Sawada)377 </p><p>378 Previously, while certain variables, like <a class="link" href="runtime-config-client.html#GUC-DEFAULT-TRANSACTION-ISOLATION"><code class="varname">transaction_isolation</code></a>,379 were not affected by <a class="link" href="sql-reset.html" title="RESET"><code class="command">RESET380 ALL</code></a>, they could be individually reset in381 inappropriate situations.382 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>383 Move various <a class="link" href="config-setting.html#CONFIG-SETTING-CONFIGURATION-FILE" title="20.1.2. Parameter Interaction via the Configuration File"><code class="filename">postgresql.conf</code></a>384 items into new categories (Shinya Kato)385 </p><p>386 This also affects the categories displayed in the <a class="link" href="view-pg-settings.html" title="54.24. pg_settings"><code class="structname">pg_settings</code></a>387 view.388 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>389 Prevent configuration file recursion beyond 10 levels (Julien390 Rouhaud)391 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>392 Allow <a class="link" href="routine-vacuuming.html#AUTOVACUUM" title="25.1.6. The Autovacuum Daemon">autovacuum</a> to more393 frequently honor changes to delay settings (Melanie Plageman)394 </p><p>395 Rather than honor changes only at the start of each relation,396 honor them at the start of each block.397 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>398 Remove restrictions that archive files be durably renamed399 (Nathan Bossart)400 </p><p>401 The <a class="link" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-ARCHIVE-COMMAND"><code class="varname">archive_command</code></a>402 command is now more likely to be called with already-archived403 files after a crash.404 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>405 Prevent <a class="link" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-ARCHIVE-LIBRARY"><code class="varname">archive_library</code></a>406 and <a class="link" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-ARCHIVE-COMMAND"><code class="varname">archive_command</code></a>407 from being set at the same time (Nathan Bossart)408 </p><p>409 Previously <code class="varname">archive_library</code> would override410 <code class="varname">archive_command</code>.411 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>412 Allow the postmaster to terminate children with an abort signal413 (Tom Lane)414 </p><p>415 This allows collection of a core dump for a416 stuck child process. This is controlled by <a class="link" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-SEND-ABORT-FOR-CRASH"><code class="varname">send_abort_for_crash</code></a>417 and <a class="link" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-SEND-ABORT-FOR-KILL"><code class="varname">send_abort_for_kill</code></a>.418 The postmaster's <code class="option">-T</code> switch is now the same as419 setting <code class="varname">send_abort_for_crash</code>.420 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>421 Remove the non-functional postmaster <code class="option">-n</code> option422 (Tom Lane)423 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>424 Allow the server to reserve backend slots for roles with <a class="link" href="predefined-roles.html" title="22.5. Predefined Roles"><code class="literal">pg_use_reserved_connections</code></a>425 membership (Nathan Bossart)426 </p><p>427 The number of reserved slots is set by server variable <a class="link" href="runtime-config-connection.html#GUC-RESERVED-CONNECTIONS"><code class="varname">reserved_connections</code></a>.428 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>429 Allow <a class="link" href="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-HUGE-PAGES">huge pages</a> to430 work on newer versions of <span class="systemitem">Windows431 10</span> (Thomas Munro)432 </p><p>433 This adds the special handling required to enable huge pages434 on newer versions of <span class="systemitem">Windows435 10</span>.436 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>437 Add <a class="link" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-DEBUG-IO-DIRECT"><code class="varname">debug_io_direct</code></a>438 setting for developer usage (Thomas Munro, Andres Freund,439 Bharath Rupireddy)440 </p><p>441 While primarily for developers, <a class="link" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-WAL-SYNC-METHOD"><code class="literal">wal_sync_method=open_sync</code></a>/<code class="literal">open_datasync</code>442 has been modified to not use direct <acronym class="acronym">I/O</acronym> with443 <code class="literal">wal_level=minimal</code>; this is now enabled with444 <code class="literal">debug_io_direct=wal</code>.445 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>446 Add function <a class="link" href="functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP-TABLE" title="Table 9.91. Backup Control Functions"><code class="function">pg_split_walfile_name()</code></a>447 to report the segment and timeline values of <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym>448 file names (Bharath Rupireddy)449 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-PG-HBA"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.1.6. <a class="link" href="auth-pg-hba-conf.html" title="21.1. The pg_hba.conf File">pg_hba.conf</a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-PG-HBA" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>450 Add support for regular expression matching on database and role451 entries in <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code> (Bertrand Drouvot)452 </p><p>453 Regular expression patterns are prefixed with a slash. Database454 and role names that begin with slashes need to be double-quoted455 if referenced in <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code>.456 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>457 Improve user-column handling of <a class="link" href="runtime-config-file-locations.html" title="20.2. File Locations"><code class="filename">pg_ident.conf</code></a>458 to match <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code> (Jelte Fennema)459 </p><p>460 Specifically, add support for <code class="literal">all</code>, role461 membership with <code class="literal">+</code>, and regular expressions462 with a leading slash. Any user name that matches these patterns463 must be double-quoted.464 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>465 Allow include files in <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code> and466 <code class="filename">pg_ident.conf</code> (Julien Rouhaud)467 </p><p>468 These are controlled by <code class="literal">include</code>,469 <code class="literal">include_if_exists</code>, and470 <code class="literal">include_dir</code>. System views <a class="link" href="view-pg-hba-file-rules.html" title="54.9. pg_hba_file_rules"><code class="structname">pg_hba_file_rules</code></a>471 and <a class="link" href="view-pg-ident-file-mappings.html" title="54.10. pg_ident_file_mappings"><code class="structname">pg_ident_file_mappings</code></a>472 now display the file name.473 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>474 Allow <code class="filename">pg_hba.conf</code> tokens to be of unlimited475 length (Tom Lane)476 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>477 Add rule and map numbers to the system view <a class="link" href="view-pg-hba-file-rules.html" title="54.9. pg_hba_file_rules"><code class="structname">pg_hba_file_rules</code></a>478 (Julien Rouhaud)479 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-LOCALIZATION"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.1.7. <a class="link" href="charset.html" title="Chapter 24. Localization">Localization</a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-LOCALIZATION" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>480 Determine the default encoding from the locale when using481 <acronym class="acronym">ICU</acronym> (Jeff Davis)482 </p><p>483 Previously the default was always <code class="literal">UTF-8</code>.484 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>485 Have <a class="link" href="sql-createdatabase.html" title="CREATE DATABASE"><code class="command">CREATE486 DATABASE</code></a> and <a class="link" href="sql-createcollation.html" title="CREATE COLLATION"><code class="command">CREATE487 COLLATION</code></a>'s <code class="literal">LOCALE</code> options, and488 <a class="link" href="app-initdb.html" title="initdb"><span class="application">initdb</span></a>489 and <a class="link" href="app-createdb.html" title="createdb"><span class="application">createdb</span></a>490 <code class="option">--locale</code> options, control491 non-<span class="application">libc</span> collation providers (Jeff492 Davis)493 </p><p>494 Previously they only controlled <span class="application">libc</span>495 providers.496 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>497 Add predefined collations <code class="literal">unicode</code> and498 <code class="literal">ucs_basic</code> (Peter Eisentraut)499 </p><p>500 This only works if <acronym class="acronym">ICU</acronym> support is enabled.501 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>502 Allow custom <acronym class="acronym">ICU</acronym> collation rules to be created503 (Peter Eisentraut)504 </p><p>505 This is done using <a class="link" href="sql-createcollation.html" title="CREATE COLLATION"><code class="command">CREATE506 COLLATION</code></a>'s new <code class="literal">RULES</code>507 clause, as well as new options for <a class="link" href="sql-createdatabase.html" title="CREATE DATABASE"><code class="command">CREATE508 DATABASE</code></a>, <a class="link" href="app-createdb.html" title="createdb"><span class="application">createdb</span></a>,509 and <a class="link" href="app-initdb.html" title="initdb"><span class="application">initdb</span></a>.510 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>511 Allow <span class="systemitem">Windows</span> to import512 system locales automatically (Juan José Santamaría Flecha)513 </p><p>514 Previously, only <acronym class="acronym">ICU</acronym> locales could be imported515 on <span class="systemitem">Windows</span>.516 </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-LOGICAL"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.2. <a class="link" href="logical-replication.html" title="Chapter 31. Logical Replication">Logical Replication</a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-LOGICAL" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>517 Allow <a class="link" href="logicaldecoding.html" title="Chapter 49. Logical Decoding">logical decoding</a>518 on standbys (Bertrand Drouvot, Andres Freund, Amit Khandekar)519 </p><p>520 Snapshot <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> records are521 required for logical slot creation but cannot be522 created on standbys. To avoid delays, the new function <a class="link" href="functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-SNAPSHOT-SYNCHRONIZATION-TABLE" title="Table 9.94. Snapshot Synchronization Functions"><code class="function">pg_log_standby_snapshot()</code></a>523 allows creation of such records.524 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>525 Add server variable to control how logical decoding publishers526 transfer changes and how subscribers apply them (Shi Yu)527 </p><p>528 The variable is <a class="link" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-DEBUG-LOGICAL-REPLICATION-STREAMING"><code class="varname">debug_logical_replication_streaming</code></a>.529 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>530 Allow logical replication initial table synchronization to copy531 rows in binary format (Melih Mutlu)532 </p><p>533 This is only possible for subscriptions marked as binary.534 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>535 Allow parallel application of logical replication (Hou Zhijie,536 Wang Wei, Amit Kapila)537 </p><p>538 The <a class="link" href="sql-createsubscription.html" title="CREATE SUBSCRIPTION"><code class="command">CREATE539 SUBSCRIPTION</code></a> <code class="option">STREAMING</code>540 option now supports <code class="literal">parallel</code> to enable541 application of large transactions by parallel workers. The number542 of parallel workers is controlled by the new server variable <a class="link" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-MAX-PARALLEL-APPLY-WORKERS-PER-SUBSCRIPTION"><code class="varname">max_parallel_apply_workers_per_subscription</code></a>.543 Wait events <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#WAIT-EVENT-ACTIVITY-TABLE" title="Table 28.5. Wait Events of Type Activity"><code class="literal">LogicalParallelApplyMain</code></a>,544 <code class="literal">LogicalParallelApplyStateChange</code>, and545 <code class="literal">LogicalApplySendData</code> were also added. Column546 <code class="structfield">leader_pid</code> was added to system view <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-SUBSCRIPTION" title="28.2.8. pg_stat_subscription"><code class="structname">pg_stat_subscription</code></a>547 to track parallel activity.548 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>549 Improve performance for <a class="link" href="logical-replication-architecture.html" title="31.7. Architecture">logical replication550 apply</a> without a primary key (Onder Kalaci, Amit Kapila)551 </p><p>552 Specifically, <code class="literal">REPLICA IDENTITY FULL</code> can now553 use btree indexes rather than sequentially scanning the table to554 find matches.555 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>556 Allow logical replication subscribers to process only changes that557 have no origin (Vignesh C, Amit Kapila)558 </p><p>559 This can be used to avoid replication loops. This is controlled560 by the new <code class="literal">CREATE SUBSCRIPTION ... ORIGIN</code> option.561 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>562 Perform logical replication <a class="link" href="sql-select.html" title="SELECT"><code class="command">SELECT</code></a> and563 <acronym class="acronym">DML</acronym> actions as the table owner (Robert Haas)564 </p><p>565 This improves security and now requires subscription566 owners to be either superusers or to have <a class="link" href="sql-set-role.html" title="SET ROLE"><code class="command">SET ROLE</code></a>567 permission on all roles owning tables in the replication set.568 The previous behavior of performing all operations as the569 subscription owner can be enabled with the subscription <a class="link" href="sql-createsubscription.html" title="CREATE SUBSCRIPTION"><code class="option">run_as_owner</code></a>570 option.571 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>572 Have <a class="link" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-WAL-RETRIEVE-RETRY-INTERVAL"><code class="varname">wal_retrieve_retry_interval</code></a>573 operate on a per-subscription basis (Nathan Bossart)574 </p><p>575 Previously the retry time was applied576 globally. This also adds wait events <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#WAIT-EVENT-LWLOCK-TABLE" title="Table 28.12. Wait Events of Type LWLock">><code class="literal">LogicalRepLauncherDSA</code></a>577 and <code class="literal">LogicalRepLauncherHash</code>.578 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-UTILITY"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.3. Utility Commands <a href="#RELEASE-16-UTILITY" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>579 Add <a class="link" href="sql-explain.html" title="EXPLAIN"><code class="command">EXPLAIN</code></a>580 option <code class="literal">GENERIC_PLAN</code> to display the generic plan581 for a parameterized query (Laurenz Albe)582 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>583 Allow a <a class="link" href="sql-copy.html" title="COPY"><code class="command">COPY FROM</code></a>584 value to map to a column's <code class="literal">DEFAULT</code> (Israel585 Barth Rubio)586 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>587 Allow <a class="link" href="sql-copy.html" title="COPY"><code class="command">COPY</code></a>588 into foreign tables to add rows in batches (Andrey Lepikhov,589 Etsuro Fujita)590 </p><p>591 This is controlled by the <a class="link" href="postgres-fdw.html" title="F.38. postgres_fdw — access data stored in external PostgreSQL servers"><span class="application">postgres_fdw</span></a>592 option <a class="link" href="postgres-fdw.html#POSTGRES-FDW-OPTIONS-COST-ESTIMATION" title="F.38.1.3. Cost Estimation Options"><code class="option">batch_size</code></a>.593 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>594 Allow the <code class="literal">STORAGE</code> type to be specified by <a class="link" href="sql-createtable.html" title="CREATE TABLE"><code class="command">CREATE TABLE</code></a>595 (Teodor Sigaev, Aleksander Alekseev)596 </p><p>597 Previously only <a class="link" href="sql-altertable.html" title="ALTER TABLE"><code class="command">ALTER598 TABLE</code></a> could control this.599 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>600 Allow <a class="link" href="sql-createtrigger.html" title="CREATE TRIGGER">truncate triggers</a>601 on foreign tables (Yugo Nagata)602 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>603 Allow <a class="link" href="sql-vacuum.html" title="VACUUM"><code class="command">VACUUM</code></a> and <a class="link" href="app-vacuumdb.html" title="vacuumdb"><span class="application">vacuumdb</span></a>604 to only process <a class="link" href="storage-toast.html" title="73.2. TOAST"><code class="literal">TOAST</code></a> tables605 (Nathan Bossart)606 </p><p>607 This is accomplished by having <a class="link" href="sql-vacuum.html" title="VACUUM"><code class="command">VACUUM</code></a>608 turn off <code class="literal">PROCESS_MAIN</code> or by <a class="link" href="app-vacuumdb.html" title="vacuumdb"><span class="application">vacuumdb</span></a>609 using the <code class="option">--no-process-main</code> option.610 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>611 Add <a class="link" href="sql-vacuum.html" title="VACUUM"><code class="command">VACUUM</code></a>612 options to skip or update all <a class="link" href="routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-WRAPAROUND" title="25.1.5. Preventing Transaction ID Wraparound Failures">frozen</a> statistics (Tom Lane,613 Nathan Bossart)614 </p><p>615 The options are <code class="literal">SKIP_DATABASE_STATS</code> and616 <code class="literal">ONLY_DATABASE_STATS</code>.617 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>618 Change <a class="link" href="sql-reindex.html" title="REINDEX"><code class="command">REINDEX619 DATABASE</code></a> and <a class="link" href="sql-reindex.html" title="REINDEX"><code class="command">REINDEX SYSTEM</code></a>620 to no longer require an argument (Simon Riggs)621 </p><p>622 Previously the database name had to be specified.623 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>624 Allow <a class="link" href="sql-createstatistics.html" title="CREATE STATISTICS"><code class="command">CREATE625 STATISTICS</code></a> to generate a statistics name if none626 is specified (Simon Riggs)627 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-DATATYPES"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.4. Data Types <a href="#RELEASE-16-DATATYPES" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>628 Allow non-decimal <a class="link" href="sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-BIT-STRINGS" title="4.1.2.5. Bit-String Constants">integer629 literals</a> (Peter Eisentraut)630 </p><p>631 For example, <code class="literal">0x42F</code>, <code class="literal">0o273</code>,632 and <code class="literal">0b100101</code>.633 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>634 Allow <a class="link" href="datatype-numeric.html" title="8.1. Numeric Types"><code class="type">NUMERIC</code></a>635 to process hexadecimal, octal, and binary integers of any size636 (Dean Rasheed)637 </p><p>638 Previously only unquoted eight-byte integers were supported with639 these non-decimal bases.640 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>641 Allow underscores in integer and numeric <a class="link" href="sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-BIT-STRINGS" title="4.1.2.5. Bit-String Constants">constants</a> (Peter Eisentraut,642 Dean Rasheed)643 </p><p>644 This can improve readability for long strings of digits.645 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>646 Accept the spelling <code class="literal">+infinity</code> in datetime input647 (Vik Fearing)648 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>649 Prevent the specification of <code class="literal">epoch</code> and650 <code class="literal">infinity</code> together with other fields in datetime651 strings (Joseph Koshakow)652 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>653 Remove undocumented support for date input in the form654 <code class="literal">Y<em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em>M<em class="replaceable"><code>month</code></em>D<em class="replaceable"><code>day</code></em></code>655 (Joseph Koshakow)656 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>657 Add functions <a class="link" href="functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-VALIDITY-TABLE" title="Table 9.79. Data Validity Checking Functions"><code class="function">pg_input_is_valid()</code></a>658 and <code class="function">pg_input_error_info()</code> to check for type659 conversion errors (Tom Lane)660 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-GENERAL"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.5. General Queries <a href="#RELEASE-16-GENERAL" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>661 Allow subqueries in the <code class="literal">FROM</code> clause to omit662 aliases (Dean Rasheed)663 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>664 Add support for enhanced numeric literals in665 <acronym class="acronym">SQL/JSON</acronym> paths (Peter Eisentraut)666 </p><p>667 For example, allow hexadecimal, octal, and binary integers and668 underscores between digits.669 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-FUNCTIONS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.6. Functions <a href="#RELEASE-16-FUNCTIONS" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>670 Add <acronym class="acronym">SQL/JSON</acronym> constructors (Nikita Glukhov,671 Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov, Alexander Korotkov, Amit Langote)672 </p><p>673 The new functions <a class="link" href="functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-CREATION-TABLE" title="Table 9.47. JSON Creation Functions"><code class="function">JSON_ARRAY()</code></a>,674 <a class="link" href="functions-aggregate.html#FUNCTIONS-AGGREGATE-TABLE" title="Table 9.59. General-Purpose Aggregate Functions"><code class="function">JSON_ARRAYAGG()</code></a>,675 <code class="function">JSON_OBJECT()</code>, and676 <code class="function">JSON_OBJECTAGG()</code> are part of the677 <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> standard.678 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>679 Add <acronym class="acronym">SQL/JSON</acronym> object checks (Nikita Glukhov,680 Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov, Alexander Korotkov, Amit Langote,681 Andrew Dunstan)682 </p><p>683 The <a class="link" href="functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-SQLJSON-MISC" title="Table 9.48. SQL/JSON Testing Functions"><code class="literal">IS684 JSON</code></a> checks include checks for values, arrays,685 objects, scalars, and unique keys.686 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>687 Allow <acronym class="acronym">JSON</acronym> string parsing to use vector688 operations (John Naylor)689 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>690 Improve the handling of full text highlighting function <a class="link" href="functions-textsearch.html#TEXTSEARCH-FUNCTIONS-TABLE" title="Table 9.43. Text Search Functions"><code class="function">ts_headline()</code></a>691 for <code class="literal">OR</code> and <code class="literal">NOT</code> expressions692 (Tom Lane)693 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>694 Add functions to add, subtract, and generate695 <code class="type">timestamptz</code> values in a specified time zone (Przemyslaw696 Sztoch, Gurjeet Singh)697 </p><p>698 The functions are <a class="link" href="functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-TABLE" title="Table 9.33. Date/Time Functions"><code class="function">date_add()</code></a>,699 <code class="function">date_subtract()</code>, and <a class="link" href="functions-srf.html#FUNCTIONS-SRF-SERIES" title="Table 9.65. Series Generating Functions"><code class="function">generate_series()</code></a>.700 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>701 Change <a class="link" href="functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-TABLE" title="Table 9.33. Date/Time Functions"><code class="function">date_trunc(unit,702 timestamptz, time_zone)</code></a> to be an immutable703 function (Przemyslaw Sztoch)704 </p><p>705 This allows the creation of expression indexes using this function.706 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>707 Add server variable <a class="link" href="functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION-TABLE" title="Table 9.67. Session Information Functions"><code class="literal">SYSTEM_USER</code></a>708 (Bertrand Drouvot)709 </p><p>710 This reports the authentication method and its authenticated user.711 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>712 Add functions <a class="link" href="functions-array.html#ARRAY-FUNCTIONS-TABLE" title="Table 9.54. Array Functions"><code class="function">array_sample()</code></a>713 and <code class="function">array_shuffle()</code> (Martin Kalcher)714 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>715 Add aggregate function <a class="link" href="functions-aggregate.html#FUNCTIONS-AGGREGATE-TABLE" title="Table 9.59. General-Purpose Aggregate Functions"><code class="function">ANY_VALUE()</code></a>716 which returns any value from a set (Vik Fearing)717 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>718 Add function <a class="link" href="functions-math.html#FUNCTIONS-MATH-RANDOM-TABLE" title="Table 9.6. Random Functions"><code class="function">random_normal()</code></a>719 to supply normally-distributed random numbers (Paul Ramsey)720 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>721 Add error function <a class="link" href="functions-math.html#FUNCTIONS-MATH-FUNC-TABLE" title="Table 9.5. Mathematical Functions"><code class="function">erf()</code></a>722 and its complement <code class="function">erfc()</code> (Dean Rasheed)723 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>724 Improve the accuracy of numeric <a class="link" href="functions-math.html#FUNCTIONS-MATH-FUNC-TABLE" title="Table 9.5. Mathematical Functions"><code class="function">power()</code></a>725 for integer exponents (Dean Rasheed)726 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>727 Add <a class="link" href="datatype-xml.html#DATATYPE-XML-CREATING" title="8.13.1. Creating XML Values"><code class="function">XMLSERIALIZE()</code></a>728 option <code class="literal">INDENT</code> to pretty-print its output729 (Jim Jones)730 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>731 Change <a class="link" href="functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION" title="Table 9.98. Collation Management Functions"><code class="function">pg_collation_actual_version()</code></a>732 to return a reasonable value for the default collation (Jeff Davis)733 </p><p>734 Previously it returned <code class="literal">NULL</code>.735 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>736 Allow <a class="link" href="functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE-TABLE" title="Table 9.101. Generic File Access Functions"><code class="function">pg_read_file()</code></a>737 and <code class="function">pg_read_binary_file()</code> to ignore missing738 files (Kyotaro Horiguchi)739 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>740 Add byte specification (<code class="literal">B</code>) to <a class="link" href="functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBSIZE" title="Table 9.96. Database Object Size Functions"><code class="function">pg_size_bytes()</code></a>741 (Peter Eisentraut)742 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>743 Allow <a class="link" href="functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG-TABLE" title="Table 9.72. System Catalog Information Functions"><code class="function">to_reg</code></a>*744 functions to accept numeric <acronym class="acronym">OID</acronym>s as input745 (Tom Lane)746 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-PLPGSQL"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.7. <a class="link" href="plpgsql.html" title="Chapter 43. PL/pgSQL — SQL Procedural Language">PL/pgSQL</a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-PLPGSQL" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>747 Add the ability to get the current function's <acronym class="acronym">OID</acronym>748 in <span class="application">PL/pgSQL</span> (Pavel Stehule)749 </p><p>750 This is accomplished with <a class="link" href="plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-DIAGNOSTICS" title="43.5.5. Obtaining the Result Status"><code class="command">GET DIAGNOSTICS751 variable = PG_ROUTINE_OID</code></a>.752 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-LIBPQ"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.8. <a class="link" href="libpq.html" title="Chapter 34. libpq — C Library">libpq</a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-LIBPQ" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>753 Add <span class="application">libpq</span> connection option <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-REQUIRE-AUTH"><code class="option">require_auth</code></a>754 to specify a list of acceptable authentication methods (Jacob755 Champion)756 </p><p>757 This can also be used to disallow certain authentication methods.758 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>759 Allow multiple <span class="application">libpq</span>-specified hosts760 to be randomly selected (Jelte Fennema)761 </p><p>762 This is enabled with <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-LOAD-BALANCE-HOSTS"><code class="literal">load_balance_hosts=random</code></a>763 and can be used for load balancing.764 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>765 Add <span class="application">libpq</span> option <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-SSLCERTMODE"><code class="option">sslcertmode</code></a>766 to control transmission of the client certificate (Jacob Champion)767 </p><p>768 The option values are <code class="literal">disable</code>,769 <code class="literal">allow</code>, and <code class="literal">require</code>.770 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>771 Allow <span class="application">libpq</span> to use the system certificate772 pool for certificate verification (Jacob Champion, Thomas Habets)773 </p><p>774 This is enabled with <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-SSLROOTCERT"><code class="literal">sslrootcert=system</code></a>,775 which also enables <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-SSLMODE"><code class="literal">sslmode=verify-full</code></a>.776 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-CLIENT-APPS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.9. Client Applications <a href="#RELEASE-16-CLIENT-APPS" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>777 Allow <a class="link" href="ecpg.html" title="Chapter 36. ECPG — Embedded SQL in C"><code class="command">ECPG</code></a>778 variable declarations to use typedef names that match unreserved779 <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> keywords (Tom Lane)780 </p><p>781 This change does prevent keywords which match C typedef names from782 being processed as keywords in later <code class="command">EXEC SQL</code>783 blocks.784 </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-PSQL"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.9.1. <a class="xref" href="app-psql.html" title="psql"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">psql</span></span></a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-PSQL" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>785 Allow <span class="application">psql</span> to control the maximum786 width of header lines in expanded format (Platon Pronko)787 </p><p>788 This is controlled by <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-PSET-XHEADER-WIDTH"><code class="option">xheader_width</code></a>.789 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>790 Add <span class="application">psql</span> command <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-DRG"><code class="command">\drg</code></a>791 to show role membership details (Pavel Luzanov)792 </p><p>793 The <code class="literal">Member of</code> output column has been removed794 from <code class="command">\du</code> and <code class="command">\dg</code> because795 this new command displays this information in more detail.796 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>797 Allow <span class="application">psql</span>'s access privilege commands798 to show system objects (Nathan Bossart)799 </p><p>800 The options are <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-DP-LC"><code class="command">\dpS</code></a>801 and <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-Z"><code class="command">\zS</code></a>.802 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>803 Add <code class="literal">FOREIGN</code> designation804 to <span class="application">psql</span> <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-D"><code class="command">\d+</code></a>805 for foreign table children and partitions (Ian Lawrence Barwick)806 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>807 Prevent <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-DF-UC"><code class="command">\df+</code></a>808 from showing function source code (Isaac Morland)809 </p><p>810 Function bodies are more easily viewed with <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-SF"><code class="command">\sf</code></a>.811 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>812 Allow <span class="application">psql</span> to submit queries using813 the extended query protocol (Peter Eisentraut)814 </p><p>815 Passing arguments to such queries is done816 using the new <span class="application">psql</span> <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-BIND"><code class="command">\bind</code></a>817 command.818 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>819 Allow <span class="application">psql</span> <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-WATCH"><code class="command">\watch</code></a>820 to limit the number of executions (Andrey Borodin)821 </p><p>822 The <code class="command">\watch</code> options can now be named when823 specified.824 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>825 Detect invalid values for <span class="application">psql</span> <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMAND-WATCH"><code class="command">\watch</code></a>,826 and allow zero to specify no delay (Andrey Borodin)827 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>828 Allow <span class="application">psql</span> scripts to obtain the exit829 status of shell commands and queries830 (Corey Huinker, Tom Lane)831 </p><p>832 The new <span class="application">psql</span> control variables are <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-VARIABLES-SHELL-ERROR"><code class="literal">SHELL_ERROR</code></a>833 and <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-VARIABLES-SHELL-EXIT-CODE"><code class="literal">SHELL_EXIT_CODE</code></a>.834 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>835 Various <span class="application">psql</span> tab completion improvements836 (Vignesh C, Aleksander Alekseev, Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker,837 Shi Yu, Michael Paquier, Ken Kato, Peter Smith)838 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-PGDUMP"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.9.2. <a class="link" href="app-pgdump.html" title="pg_dump"><span class="application">pg_dump</span></a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-PGDUMP" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>839 Add <span class="application">pg_dump</span> control of dumping child840 tables and partitions (Gilles Darold)841 </p><p>842 The new options are <code class="option">--table-and-children</code>,843 <code class="option">--exclude-table-and-children</code>, and844 <code class="option">--exclude-table-data-and-children</code>.845 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>846 Add <span class="application">LZ4</span> and847 <span class="application">Zstandard</span> compression to848 <span class="application">pg_dump</span> (Georgios Kokolatos, Justin849 Pryzby)850 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>851 Allow <span class="application">pg_dump</span> and <a class="link" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup"><span class="application">pg_basebackup</span></a>852 to use <code class="literal">long</code> mode for compression (Justin Pryzby)853 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>854 Improve <span class="application">pg_dump</span> to accept a more855 consistent compression syntax (Georgios Kokolatos)856 </p><p>857 Options like <code class="option">--compress=gzip:5</code>.858 </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-SERVER-APPS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.10. Server Applications <a href="#RELEASE-16-SERVER-APPS" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>859 Add <a class="link" href="app-initdb.html" title="initdb"><span class="application">initdb</span></a>860 option to set server variables for the duration of861 <span class="application">initdb</span> and all future server starts862 (Tom Lane)863 </p><p>864 The option is <code class="option">-c name=value</code>.865 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>866 Add options to <a class="link" href="app-createuser.html" title="createuser"><span class="application">createuser</span></a>867 to control more user options (Shinya Kato)868 </p><p>869 Specifically, the new options control the valid-until date,870 bypassing of row-level security, and role membership.871 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>872 Deprecate <a class="link" href="app-createuser.html" title="createuser"><span class="application">createuser</span></a>873 option <code class="option">--role</code> (Nathan Bossart)874 </p><p>875 This option could be easily confused with new876 <span class="application">createuser</span> role membership options,877 so option <code class="option">--member-of</code> has been added with the878 same functionality. The <code class="option">--role</code> option can still879 be used.880 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>881 Allow control of <a class="link" href="app-vacuumdb.html" title="vacuumdb"><span class="application">vacuumdb</span></a>882 schema processing (Gilles Darold)883 </p><p>884 These are controlled by options <code class="option">--schema</code> and885 <code class="option">--exclude-schema</code>.886 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>887 Use new <a class="link" href="sql-vacuum.html" title="VACUUM"><code class="command">VACUUM</code></a>888 options to improve the performance of <a class="link" href="app-vacuumdb.html" title="vacuumdb"><span class="application">vacuumdb</span></a>889 (Tom Lane, Nathan Bossart)890 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>891 Have <a class="link" href="pgupgrade.html" title="pg_upgrade"><span class="application">pg_upgrade</span></a>892 set the new cluster's locale and encoding (Jeff Davis)893 </p><p>894 This removes the requirement that the new cluster be created with895 the same locale and encoding settings.896 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>897 Add <a class="link" href="pgupgrade.html" title="pg_upgrade"><span class="application">pg_upgrade</span></a>898 option to specify the default transfer mode (Peter Eisentraut)899 </p><p>900 The option is <code class="option">--copy</code>.901 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>902 Improve <a class="link" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup"><span class="application">pg_basebackup</span></a>903 to accept numeric compression options (Georgios Kokolatos,904 Michael Paquier)905 </p><p>906 Options like <code class="option">--compress=server-5</code> are now supported.907 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>908 Fix <a class="link" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup"><span class="application">pg_basebackup</span></a>909 to handle tablespaces stored in the <code class="envar">PGDATA</code> directory910 (Robert Haas)911 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>912 Add <a class="link" href="pgwaldump.html" title="pg_waldump"><span class="application">pg_waldump</span></a>913 option <code class="option">--save-fullpage</code> to dump full page images914 (David Christensen)915 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>916 Allow <a class="link" href="pgwaldump.html" title="pg_waldump"><span class="application">pg_waldump</span></a>917 options <code class="option">-t</code>/<code class="option">--timeline</code> to accept918 hexadecimal values (Peter Eisentraut)919 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>920 Add support for progress reporting to <a class="link" href="app-pgverifybackup.html" title="pg_verifybackup"><span class="application">pg_verifybackup</span></a>921 (Masahiko Sawada)922 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>923 Allow <a class="link" href="app-pgrewind.html" title="pg_rewind"><span class="application">pg_rewind</span></a>924 to properly track timeline changes (Heikki Linnakangas)925 </p><p>926 Previously if <span class="application">pg_rewind</span> was run after927 a timeline switch but before a checkpoint was issued, it might928 incorrectly determine that a rewind was unnecessary.929 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>930 Have <a class="link" href="app-pgreceivewal.html" title="pg_receivewal"><span class="application">pg_receivewal</span></a>931 and <a class="link" href="app-pgrecvlogical.html" title="pg_recvlogical"><span class="application">pg_recvlogical</span></a>932 cleanly exit on <code class="literal">SIGTERM</code> (Christoph Berg)933 </p><p>934 This signal is often used by <span class="application">systemd</span>.935 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-SOURCE-CODE"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.11. Source Code <a href="#RELEASE-16-SOURCE-CODE" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>936 Build <acronym class="acronym">ICU</acronym> support by default (Jeff Davis)937 </p><p>938 This removes <a class="link" href="installation.html" title="Chapter 17. Installation from Source Code">build939 flag</a> <code class="option">--with-icu</code> and adds flag940 <code class="option">--without-icu</code>.941 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>942 Add support for SSE2 (Streaming <acronym class="acronym">SIMD</acronym> Extensions943 2) vector operations on x86-64 architectures (John Naylor)944 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>945 Add support for Advanced <acronym class="acronym">SIMD</acronym> (Single946 Instruction Multiple Data) (<acronym class="acronym">NEON</acronym>) instructions947 on <acronym class="acronym">ARM</acronym> architectures (Nathan Bossart)948 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>949 Have <span class="systemitem">Windows</span>950 binaries built with <span class="productname">MSVC</span> use951 <code class="literal">RandomizedBaseAddress</code> (<acronym class="acronym">ASLR</acronym>)952 (Michael Paquier)953 </p><p>954 This was already enabled on <span class="productname">MinGW</span> builds.955 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>956 Prevent extension libraries from exporting their symbols by default957 (Andres Freund, Tom Lane)958 </p><p>959 Functions that need to be called from the core backend960 or other extensions must now be explicitly marked961 <code class="literal">PGDLLEXPORT</code>.962 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>963 Require <span class="systemitem">Windows 10</span> or964 newer versions (Michael Paquier, Juan José Santamaría Flecha)965 </p><p>966 Previously <span class="systemitem">Windows Vista</span> and967 <span class="systemitem">Windows XP</span> were supported.968 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>969 Require <span class="productname">Perl</span> version 5.14 or later970 (John Naylor)971 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>972 Require <span class="productname">Bison</span> version 2.3 or later973 (John Naylor)974 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>975 Require <span class="productname">Flex</span> version 2.5.35 or later976 (John Naylor)977 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>978 Require <acronym class="acronym">MIT</acronym> Kerberos for979 <acronym class="acronym">GSSAPI</acronym> support (Stephen Frost)980 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>981 Remove support for <span class="productname">Visual Studio 2013</span>982 (Michael Paquier)983 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>984 Remove support for <span class="systemitem">HP-UX</span>985 (Thomas Munro)986 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>987 Remove support for <span class="productname">HP/Intel Itanium</span>988 (Thomas Munro)989 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>990 Remove support for <span class="productname">M68K</span>,991 <span class="productname">M88K</span>, <span class="productname">M32R</span>,992 and <span class="productname">SuperH</span> <acronym class="acronym">CPU</acronym>993 architectures (Thomas Munro)994 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>995 Remove <a class="link" href="libpq.html" title="Chapter 34. libpq — C Library"><span class="application">libpq</span></a>996 support for <acronym class="acronym">SCM</acronym> credential authentication997 (Michael Paquier)998 </p><p>999 Backend support for this authentication method was removed in1000 <span class="productname">PostgresSQL</span> 9.1.1001 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1002 Add <a class="link" href="install-meson.html" title="17.4. Building and Installation with Meson"><span class="application">meson</span></a>1003 build system (Andres Freund, Nazir Bilal Yavuz, Peter Eisentraut)1004 </p><p>1005 This eventually will replace the <span class="productname">Autoconf</span>1006 and <span class="systemitem">Windows</span>-based1007 <span class="productname">MSVC</span> build systems.1008 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1009 Allow control of the location of the1010 <span class="application">openssl</span> binary used by the build system1011 (Peter Eisentraut)1012 </p><p>1013 Make finding <span class="application">openssl</span>1014 program a <span class="application">configure</span> or1015 <span class="application">meson</span> option1016 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1017 Add build option to allow testing of small table segment sizes1018 (Andres Freund)1019 </p><p>1020 The build options are <a class="link" href="install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTION-WITH-SEGSIZE"><code class="option">--with-segsize-blocks</code></a>1021 and <code class="option">-Dsegsize_blocks</code>.1022 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1023 Add <a class="link" href="source.html" title="Chapter 56. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions"><span class="application">pgindent</span></a> options1024 (Andrew Dunstan)1025 </p><p>1026 The new options are <code class="option">--show-diff</code>,1027 <code class="option">--silent-diff</code>, <code class="option">--commit</code>,1028 and <code class="option">--help</code>, and allow multiple1029 <code class="option">--exclude</code> options. Also require the typedef file1030 to be explicitly specified. Options <code class="option">--code-base</code>1031 and <code class="option">--build</code> were also removed.1032 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1033 Add <a class="link" href="source.html" title="Chapter 56. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions"><span class="application">pg_bsd_indent</span></a>1034 source code to the main tree (Tom Lane)1035 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1036 Improve <span class="application">make_ctags</span> and1037 <span class="application">make_etags</span> (Yugo Nagata)1038 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1039 Adjust <a class="link" href="catalog-pg-attribute.html" title="53.7. pg_attribute"><code class="structname">pg_attribute</code></a>1040 columns for efficiency (Peter Eisentraut)1041 </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="RELEASE-16-MODULES"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.4.3.12. Additional Modules <a href="#RELEASE-16-MODULES" class="id_link">#</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>1042 Improve use of extension-based indexes on boolean columns (Zongliang1043 Quan, Tom Lane)1044 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1045 Add support for Daitch-Mokotoff Soundex to <a class="link" href="fuzzystrmatch.html" title="F.17. fuzzystrmatch — determine string similarities and distance"><span class="application">fuzzystrmatch</span></a>1046 (Dag Lem)1047 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1048 Allow <a class="link" href="auto-explain.html" title="F.4. auto_explain — log execution plans of slow queries"><span class="application">auto_explain</span></a>1049 to log values passed to parameterized statements (Dagfinn Ilmari1050 Mannsåker)1051 </p><p>1052 This affects queries using server-side <a class="link" href="sql-prepare.html" title="PREPARE"><code class="command">PREPARE</code></a>/<a class="link" href="sql-execute.html" title="EXECUTE"><code class="command">EXECUTE</code></a>1053 and client-side parse/bind. Logging is controlled by <a class="link" href="auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS-LOG-PARAMETER-MAX-LENGTH"><code class="literal">auto_explain.log_parameter_max_length</code></a>;1054 by default query parameters will be logged with no length1055 restriction.1056 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1057 Have <a class="link" href="auto-explain.html" title="F.4. auto_explain — log execution plans of slow queries"><span class="application">auto_explain</span></a>'s1058 <code class="option">log_verbose</code> mode honor the value of <a class="link" href="runtime-config-statistics.html#GUC-COMPUTE-QUERY-ID"><code class="varname">compute_query_id</code></a>1059 (Atsushi Torikoshi)1060 </p><p>1061 Previously even if1062 <code class="varname">compute_query_id</code> was enabled, <a class="link" href="auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS-LOG-VERBOSE"><code class="option">log_verbose</code></a>1063 was not showing the query identifier.1064 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1065 Change the maximum length of <a class="link" href="ltree.html" title="F.23. ltree — hierarchical tree-like data type"><span class="application">ltree</span></a> labels1066 from 256 to 1000 and allow hyphens (Garen Torikian)1067 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1068 Have <a class="link" href="pgstatstatements.html" title="F.32. pg_stat_statements — track statistics of SQL planning and execution"><code class="structname">pg_stat_statements</code></a>1069 normalize constants used in utility commands (Michael Paquier)1070 </p><p>1071 Previously constants appeared instead of placeholders, e.g.,1072 <code class="literal">$1</code>.1073 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1074 Add <a class="link" href="pgwalinspect.html" title="F.37. pg_walinspect — low-level WAL inspection"><span class="application">pg_walinspect</span></a>1075 function <a class="link" href="pgwalinspect.html#PGWALINSPECT-FUNCS-PG-GET-WAL-BLOCK-INFO"><code class="function">pg_get_wal_block_info()</code></a>1076 to report <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> block information (Michael Paquier,1077 Melanie Plageman, Bharath Rupireddy)1078 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1079 Change how <a class="link" href="pgwalinspect.html" title="F.37. pg_walinspect — low-level WAL inspection"><span class="application">pg_walinspect</span></a>1080 functions <a class="link" href="pgwalinspect.html#PGWALINSPECT-FUNCS-PG-GET-WAL-RECORDS-INFO"><code class="function">pg_get_wal_records_info()</code></a>1081 and <a class="link" href="pgwalinspect.html#PGWALINSPECT-FUNCS-PG-GET-WAL-STATS"><code class="function">pg_get_wal_stats()</code></a>1082 interpret ending <acronym class="acronym">LSN</acronym>s (Bharath Rupireddy)1083 </p><p>1084 Previously ending <acronym class="acronym">LSN</acronym>s which represent1085 nonexistent <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> locations would generate1086 an error, while they will now be interpreted as the end of the1087 <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym>.1088 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1089 Add detailed descriptions of <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> records in <a class="link" href="pgwalinspect.html" title="F.37. pg_walinspect — low-level WAL inspection"><span class="application">pg_walinspect</span></a>1090 and <a class="link" href="pgwaldump.html" title="pg_waldump"><span class="application">pg_waldump</span></a>1091 (Melanie Plageman, Peter Geoghegan)1092 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1093 Add <a class="link" href="pageinspect.html" title="F.25. pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pages"><span class="application">pageinspect</span></a>1094 function <a class="link" href="pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-B-TREE-FUNCS" title="F.25.3. B-Tree Functions"><code class="function">bt_multi_page_stats()</code></a>1095 to report statistics on multiple pages (Hamid Akhtar)1096 </p><p>1097 This is similar to <code class="function">bt_page_stats()</code> except it1098 can report on a range of pages.1099 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1100 Add empty range output column to <a class="link" href="pageinspect.html" title="F.25. pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pages"><span class="application">pageinspect</span></a>1101 function <a class="link" href="pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-BRIN-FUNCS" title="F.25.4. BRIN Functions"><code class="function">brin_page_items()</code></a>1102 (Tomas Vondra)1103 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1104 Redesign archive modules to be more flexible (Nathan Bossart)1105 </p><p>1106 Initialization changes will require modules written for older1107 versions of Postgres to be updated.1108 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1109 Correct inaccurate <a class="link" href="pgstatstatements.html" title="F.32. pg_stat_statements — track statistics of SQL planning and execution"><span class="application">pg_stat_statements</span></a>1110 row tracking extended query protocol statements (Sami Imseih)1111 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1112 Add <a class="link" href="pgbuffercache.html" title="F.27. pg_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state"><span class="application">pg_buffercache</span></a>1113 function <code class="function">pg_buffercache_usage_counts()</code> to1114 report usage totals (Nathan Bossart)1115 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1116 Add <a class="link" href="pgbuffercache.html" title="F.27. pg_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state"><span class="application">pg_buffercache</span></a>1117 function <code class="function">pg_buffercache_summary()</code> to report1118 summarized buffer statistics (Melih Mutlu)1119 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1120 Allow the schemas of required extensions to be1121 referenced in extension scripts using the new syntax1122 <code class="literal">@extschema:referenced_extension_name@</code>1123 (Regina Obe)1124 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1125 Allow required extensions to1126 be marked as non-relocatable using <a class="link" href="extend-extensions.html#EXTEND-EXTENSIONS-FILES-NO-RELOCATE"><code class="literal">no_relocate</code></a>1127 (Regina Obe)1128 </p><p>1129 This allows <code class="literal">@extschema:referenced_extension_name@</code>1130 to be treated as a constant for the lifetime of the extension.1131 </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect4" id="RELEASE-16-PGFDW"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.4.3.12.1. <a class="link" href="postgres-fdw.html" title="F.38. postgres_fdw — access data stored in external PostgreSQL servers"><span class="application">postgres_fdw</span></a> <a href="#RELEASE-16-PGFDW" class="id_link">#</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>1132 Allow <span class="application">postgres_fdw</span> to do aborts in1133 parallel (Etsuro Fujita)1134 </p><p>1135 This is enabled with1136 <span class="application">postgres_fdw</span> option <a class="link" href="postgres-fdw.html#POSTGRES-FDW-OPTIONS-TRANSACTION-MANAGEMENT" title="F.38.1.6. Transaction Management Options"><code class="option">parallel_abort</code></a>.1137 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1138 Make <a class="link" href="sql-analyze.html" title="ANALYZE"><code class="command">ANALYZE</code></a>1139 on foreign <span class="application">postgres_fdw</span> tables more1140 efficient (Tomas Vondra)1141 </p><p>1142 The <span class="application">postgres_fdw</span> option <a class="link" href="postgres-fdw.html#POSTGRES-FDW-OPTIONS-COST-ESTIMATION" title="F.38.1.3. Cost Estimation Options"><code class="option">analyze_sampling</code></a>1143 controls the sampling method.1144 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1145 Restrict shipment of <a class="link" href="datatype-oid.html" title="8.19. Object Identifier Types"><code class="type">reg</code></a>* type constants1146 in <span class="application">postgres_fdw</span> to those referencing1147 built-in objects or extensions marked as shippable (Tom Lane)1148 </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>1149 Have <span class="application">postgres_fdw</span> and <a class="link" href="dblink.html" title="F.12. dblink — connect to other PostgreSQL databases"><span class="application">dblink</span></a> handle1150 interrupts during connection establishment (Andres Freund)1151 </p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="sect2" id="RELEASE-16-ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.4.4. Acknowledgments <a href="#RELEASE-16-ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS" class="id_link">#</a></h3></div></div></div><p>1152 The following individuals (in alphabetical order) have contributed1153 to this release as patch authors, committers, reviewers, testers,1154 or reporters of issues.1155 </p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Abhijit Menon-Sen</td></tr><tr><td>Adam Mackler</td></tr><tr><td>Adrian Klaver</td></tr><tr><td>Ahsan Hadi</td></tr><tr><td>Ajin Cherian</td></tr><tr><td>Ajit Awekar</td></tr><tr><td>Alan Hodgson</td></tr><tr><td>Aleksander Alekseev</td></tr><tr><td>Alex Denman</td></tr><tr><td>Alex Kozhemyakin</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Korolev</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Korotkov</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Lakhin</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Pyhalov</td></tr><tr><td>Alexey Borzov</td></tr><tr><td>Alexey Ermakov</td></tr><tr><td>Alexey Makhmutov</td></tr><tr><td>Álvaro Herrera</td></tr><tr><td>Amit Kapila</td></tr><tr><td>Amit Khandekar</td></tr><tr><td>Amit Langote</td></tr><tr><td>Amul Sul</td></tr><tr><td>Anastasia Lubennikova</td></tr><tr><td>Anban Company</td></tr><tr><td>Andreas Dijkman</td></tr><tr><td>Andreas Karlsson</td></tr><tr><td>Andreas Scherbaum</td></tr><tr><td>Andrei Zubkov</td></tr><tr><td>Andres Freund</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Alsup</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Bille</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Dunstan</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Gierth</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Kesper</td></tr><tr><td>Andrey Borodin</td></tr><tr><td>Andrey Lepikhov</td></tr><tr><td>Andrey Sokolov</td></tr><tr><td>Ankit Kumar Pandey</td></tr><tr><td>Ante Kresic</td></tr><tr><td>Anton Melnikov</td></tr><tr><td>Anton Sidyakin</td></tr><tr><td>Anton Voloshin</td></tr><tr><td>Antonin Houska</td></tr><tr><td>Arne Roland</td></tr><tr><td>Artem Anisimov</td></tr><tr><td>Arthur Zakirov</td></tr><tr><td>Ashutosh Bapat</td></tr><tr><td>Ashutosh Sharma</td></tr><tr><td>Asim Praveen</td></tr><tr><td>Atsushi Torikoshi</td></tr><tr><td>Ayaki Tachikake</td></tr><tr><td>Balazs Szilfai</td></tr><tr><td>Benoit Lobréau</td></tr><tr><td>Bernd Helmle</td></tr><tr><td>Bertrand Drouvot</td></tr><tr><td>Bharath Rupireddy</td></tr><tr><td>Bilva Sanaba</td></tr><tr><td>Bob Krier</td></tr><tr><td>Boris Zentner</td></tr><tr><td>Brad Nicholson</td></tr><tr><td>Brar Piening</td></tr><tr><td>Bruce Momjian</td></tr><tr><td>Bruno da Silva</td></tr><tr><td>Carl Sopchak</td></tr><tr><td>Cary Huang</td></tr><tr><td>Changhong Fei</td></tr><tr><td>Chris Travers</td></tr><tr><td>Christoph Berg</td></tr><tr><td>Christophe Pettus</td></tr><tr><td>Corey Huinker</td></tr><tr><td>Craig Ringer</td></tr><tr><td>Curt Kolovson</td></tr><tr><td>Dag Lem</td></tr><tr><td>Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Gustafsson</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Vérité</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Watzinger</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Westermann</td></tr><tr><td>Daniele Varrazzo</td></tr><tr><td>Daniil Anisimov</td></tr><tr><td>Danny Shemesh</td></tr><tr><td>Dave Page</td></tr><tr><td>David Christensen</td></tr><tr><td>David G. Johnston</td></tr><tr><td>David Geier</td></tr><tr><td>David Gilman</td></tr><tr><td>David Kimura</td></tr><tr><td>David Rowley</td></tr><tr><td>David Steele</td></tr><tr><td>David Turon</td></tr><tr><td>David Zhang</td></tr><tr><td>Davinder Singh</td></tr><tr><td>Dean Rasheed</td></tr><tr><td>Denis Laxalde</td></tr><tr><td>Dilip Kumar</td></tr><tr><td>Dimos Stamatakis</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitriy Kuzmin</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Astapov</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Dolgov</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Koval</td></tr><tr><td>Dong Wook Lee</td></tr><tr><td>Dongming Liu</td></tr><tr><td>Drew DeVault</td></tr><tr><td>Duncan Sands</td></tr><tr><td>Ed Maste</td></tr><tr><td>Egor Chindyaskin</td></tr><tr><td>Ekaterina Kiryanova</td></tr><tr><td>Elena Indrupskaya</td></tr><tr><td>Emmanuel Quincerot</td></tr><tr><td>Eric Mutta</td></tr><tr><td>Erik Rijkers</td></tr><tr><td>Erki Eessaar</td></tr><tr><td>Erwin Brandstetter</td></tr><tr><td>Etsuro Fujita</td></tr><tr><td>Eugeny Zhuzhnev</td></tr><tr><td>Euler Taveira</td></tr><tr><td>Evan Jones</td></tr><tr><td>Evgeny Morozov</td></tr><tr><td>Fabrízio de Royes Mello</td></tr><tr><td>Farias de Oliveira</td></tr><tr><td>Florin Irion</td></tr><tr><td>Franz-Josef Färber</td></tr><tr><td>Garen Torikian</td></tr><tr><td>Georgios Kokolatos</td></tr><tr><td>Gilles Darold</td></tr><tr><td>Greg Stark</td></tr><tr><td>Guillaume Lelarge</td></tr><tr><td>Gunnar Bluth</td></tr><tr><td>Gunnar Morling</td></tr><tr><td>Gurjeet Singh</td></tr><tr><td>Haiyang Wang</td></tr><tr><td>Haiying Tang</td></tr><tr><td>Hamid Akhtar</td></tr><tr><td>Hans Buschmann</td></tr><tr><td>Hao Wu</td></tr><tr><td>Hayato Kuroda</td></tr><tr><td>Heath Lord</td></tr><tr><td>Heikki Linnakangas</td></tr><tr><td>Himanshu Upadhyaya</td></tr><tr><td>Hisahiro Kauchi</td></tr><tr><td>Hongyu Song</td></tr><tr><td>Hubert Lubaczewski</td></tr><tr><td>Hung Nguyen</td></tr><tr><td>Ian Barwick</td></tr><tr><td>Ibrar Ahmed</td></tr><tr><td>Ilya Gladyshev</td></tr><tr><td>Ilya Nenashev</td></tr><tr><td>Isaac Morland</td></tr><tr><td>Israel Barth Rubio</td></tr><tr><td>Jacob Champion</td></tr><tr><td>Jacob Speidel</td></tr><tr><td>Jaime Casanova</td></tr><tr><td>Jakub Wartak</td></tr><tr><td>James Coleman</td></tr><tr><td>James Inform</td></tr><tr><td>James Vanns</td></tr><tr><td>Jan Wieck</td></tr><tr><td>Japin Li</td></tr><tr><td>Jeevan Ladhe</td></tr><tr><td>Jeff Davis</td></tr><tr><td>Jeff Janes</td></tr><tr><td>Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais</td></tr><tr><td>Jelte Fennema</td></tr><tr><td>Jian He</td></tr><tr><td>Jim Jones</td></tr><tr><td>Jinbao Chen</td></tr><tr><td>Joe Conway</td></tr><tr><td>Joel Jacobson</td></tr><tr><td>John Naylor</td></tr><tr><td>Jonathan Katz</td></tr><tr><td>Josef Simanek</td></tr><tr><td>Joseph Koshakow</td></tr><tr><td>Juan José Santamaría Flecha</td></tr><tr><td>Julien Rouhaud</td></tr><tr><td>Julien Roze</td></tr><tr><td>Junwang Zhao</td></tr><tr><td>Justin Pryzby</td></tr><tr><td>Justin Zhang</td></tr><tr><td>Karina Litskevich</td></tr><tr><td>Karl O. Pinc</td></tr><tr><td>Keisuke Kuroda</td></tr><tr><td>Ken Kato</td></tr><tr><td>Kevin McKibbin</td></tr><tr><td>Kieran McCusker</td></tr><tr><td>Kirk Wolak</td></tr><tr><td>Konstantin Knizhnik</td></tr><tr><td>Koshi Shibagaki</td></tr><tr><td>Kotaro Kawamoto</td></tr><tr><td>Kui Liu</td></tr><tr><td>Kyotaro Horiguchi</td></tr><tr><td>Lakshmi Narayanan Sreethar</td></tr><tr><td>Laurence Parry</td></tr><tr><td>Laurenz Albe</td></tr><tr><td>Luca Ferrari</td></tr><tr><td>Lukas Fittl</td></tr><tr><td>Maciek Sakrejda</td></tr><tr><td>Magnus Hagander</td></tr><tr><td>Maja Zaloznik</td></tr><tr><td>Marcel Hofstetter</td></tr><tr><td>Marina Polyakova</td></tr><tr><td>Mark Dilger</td></tr><tr><td>Marko Tiikkaja</td></tr><tr><td>Markus Winand</td></tr><tr><td>Martijn van Oosterhout</td></tr><tr><td>Martin Jurca</td></tr><tr><td>Martin Kalcher</td></tr><tr><td>Mary Xu</td></tr><tr><td>Masahiko Sawada</td></tr><tr><td>Masahiro Ikeda</td></tr><tr><td>Masao Fujii</td></tr><tr><td>Mason 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