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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>ALTER COLLATION</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="sql-alteraggregate.html" title="ALTER AGGREGATE" /><link rel="next" href="sql-alterconversion.html" title="ALTER CONVERSION" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">ALTER COLLATION</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-alteraggregate.html" title="ALTER AGGREGATE">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="sql-commands.html" title="SQL Commands">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">SQL Commands</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sql-alterconversion.html" title="ALTER CONVERSION">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="refentry" id="SQL-ALTERCOLLATION"><div class="titlepage"></div><a id="id-1.9.3.5.1" class="indexterm"></a><div class="refnamediv"><h2><span class="refentrytitle">ALTER COLLATION</span></h2><p>ALTER COLLATION — change the definition of a collation</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><pre class="synopsis">3ALTER COLLATION <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> REFRESH VERSION4 5ALTER COLLATION <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> RENAME TO <em class="replaceable"><code>new_name</code></em>6ALTER COLLATION <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> OWNER TO { <em class="replaceable"><code>new_owner</code></em> | CURRENT_ROLE | CURRENT_USER | SESSION_USER }7ALTER COLLATION <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> SET SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>new_schema</code></em>8</pre></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.3.5.5"><h2>Description</h2><p>9 <code class="command">ALTER COLLATION</code> changes the definition of a10 collation.11 </p><p>12 You must own the collation to use <code class="command">ALTER COLLATION</code>.13 To alter the owner, you must be able to <code class="literal">SET ROLE</code> to the14 new owning role, and that role must have <code class="literal">CREATE</code>15 privilege on the collation's schema.16 (These restrictions enforce that altering the17 owner doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the18 collation. However, a superuser can alter ownership of any collation19 anyway.)20 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.3.5.6"><h2>Parameters</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></span></dt><dd><p>21 The name (optionally schema-qualified) of an existing collation.22 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><em class="replaceable"><code>new_name</code></em></span></dt><dd><p>23 The new name of the collation.24 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><em class="replaceable"><code>new_owner</code></em></span></dt><dd><p>25 The new owner of the collation.26 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><em class="replaceable"><code>new_schema</code></em></span></dt><dd><p>27 The new schema for the collation.28 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">REFRESH VERSION</code></span></dt><dd><p>29 Update the collation's version.30 See <a class="xref" href="sql-altercollation.html#SQL-ALTERCOLLATION-NOTES" title="Notes">Notes</a> below.31 </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-ALTERCOLLATION-NOTES"><h2>Notes</h2><p>32 When a collation object is created, the provider-specific version of the33 collation is recorded in the system catalog. When the collation is used,34 the current version is35 checked against the recorded version, and a warning is issued when there is36 a mismatch, for example:37</p><pre class="screen">38WARNING: collation "xx-x-icu" has version mismatch39DETAIL: The collation in the database was created using version 1.2.3.4, but the operating system provides version 2.3.4.5.40HINT: Rebuild all objects affected by this collation and run ALTER COLLATION pg_catalog."xx-x-icu" REFRESH VERSION, or build PostgreSQL with the right library version.41</pre><p>42 A change in collation definitions can lead to corrupt indexes and other43 problems because the database system relies on stored objects having a44 certain sort order. Generally, this should be avoided, but it can happen45 in legitimate circumstances, such as when upgrading the operating system46 to a new major version or when47 using <code class="command">pg_upgrade</code> to upgrade to server binaries linked48 with a newer version of ICU. When this happens, all objects depending on49 the collation should be rebuilt, for example,50 using <code class="command">REINDEX</code>. When that is done, the collation version51 can be refreshed using the command <code class="literal">ALTER COLLATION ... REFRESH52 VERSION</code>. This will update the system catalog to record the53 current collation version and will make the warning go away. Note that this54 does not actually check whether all affected objects have been rebuilt55 correctly.56 </p><p>57 When using collations provided by <code class="literal">libc</code>, version58 information is recorded on systems using the GNU C library (most Linux59 systems), FreeBSD and Windows. When using collations provided by ICU, the60 version information is provided by the ICU library and is available on all61 platforms.62 </p><div class="note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>63 When using the GNU C library for collations, the C library's version64 is used as a proxy for the collation version. Many Linux distributions65 change collation definitions only when upgrading the C library, but this66 approach is imperfect as maintainers are free to back-port newer67 collation definitions to older C library releases.68 </p><p>69 When using Windows for collations, version information is only available70 for collations defined with BCP 47 language tags such as71 <code class="literal">en-US</code>.72 </p></div><p>73 For the database default collation, there is an analogous command74 <code class="literal">ALTER DATABASE ... REFRESH COLLATION VERSION</code>.75 </p><p>76 The following query can be used to identify all collations in the current77 database that need to be refreshed and the objects that depend on them:78</p><pre class="programlisting">79SELECT pg_describe_object(refclassid, refobjid, refobjsubid) AS "Collation",80 pg_describe_object(classid, objid, objsubid) AS "Object"81 FROM pg_depend d JOIN pg_collation c82 ON refclassid = 'pg_collation'::regclass AND refobjid = c.oid83 WHERE c.collversion <> pg_collation_actual_version(c.oid)84 ORDER BY 1, 2;85</pre></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.3.5.8"><h2>Examples</h2><p>86 To rename the collation <code class="literal">de_DE</code> to87 <code class="literal">german</code>:88</p><pre class="programlisting">89ALTER COLLATION "de_DE" RENAME TO german;90</pre><p>91 </p><p>92 To change the owner of the collation <code class="literal">en_US</code> to93 <code class="literal">joe</code>:94</p><pre class="programlisting">95ALTER COLLATION "en_US" OWNER TO joe;96</pre></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.3.5.9"><h2>Compatibility</h2><p>97 There is no <code class="command">ALTER COLLATION</code> statement in the SQL98 standard.99 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.3.5.10"><h2>See Also</h2><span class="simplelist"><a class="xref" href="sql-createcollation.html" title="CREATE COLLATION"><span class="refentrytitle">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>, <a class="xref" href="sql-dropcollation.html" title="DROP COLLATION"><span class="refentrytitle">DROP COLLATION</span></a></span></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-alteraggregate.html" title="ALTER AGGREGATE">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="sql-commands.html" title="SQL Commands">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sql-alterconversion.html" title="ALTER CONVERSION">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">ALTER AGGREGATE </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ALTER CONVERSION</td></tr></table></div></body></html>