codekingpro/portable-devtools
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>REVOKE</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="sql-reset.html" title="RESET" /><link rel="next" href="sql-rollback.html" title="ROLLBACK" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">REVOKE</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-reset.html" title="RESET">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="sql-commands.html" title="SQL Commands">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">SQL Commands</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sql-rollback.html" title="ROLLBACK">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="refentry" id="SQL-REVOKE"><div class="titlepage"></div><a id="id-1.9.3.166.1" class="indexterm"></a><div class="refnamediv"><h2><span class="refentrytitle">REVOKE</span></h2><p>REVOKE — remove access privileges</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><pre class="synopsis">3REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]4 { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }5 [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }6 ON { [ TABLE ] <em class="replaceable"><code>table_name</code></em> [, ...]7 | ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...] }8 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]9 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]10 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]11 12REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]13 { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( <em class="replaceable"><code>column_name</code></em> [, ...] )14 [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( <em class="replaceable"><code>column_name</code></em> [, ...] ) }15 ON [ TABLE ] <em class="replaceable"><code>table_name</code></em> [, ...]16 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]17 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]18 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]19 20REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]21 { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }22 [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }23 ON { SEQUENCE <em class="replaceable"><code>sequence_name</code></em> [, ...]24 | ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...] }25 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]26 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]27 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]28 29REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]30 { { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }31 ON DATABASE <em class="replaceable"><code>database_name</code></em> [, ...]32 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]33 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]34 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]35 36REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]37 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }38 ON DOMAIN <em class="replaceable"><code>domain_name</code></em> [, ...]39 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]40 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]41 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]42 43REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]44 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }45 ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER <em class="replaceable"><code>fdw_name</code></em> [, ...]46 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]47 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]48 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]49 50REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]51 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }52 ON FOREIGN SERVER <em class="replaceable"><code>server_name</code></em> [, ...]53 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]54 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]55 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]56 57REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]58 { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }59 ON { { FUNCTION | PROCEDURE | ROUTINE } <em class="replaceable"><code>function_name</code></em> [ ( [ [ <em class="replaceable"><code>argmode</code></em> ] [ <em class="replaceable"><code>arg_name</code></em> ] <em class="replaceable"><code>arg_type</code></em> [, ...] ] ) ] [, ...]60 | ALL { FUNCTIONS | PROCEDURES | ROUTINES } IN SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...] }61 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]62 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]63 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]64 65REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]66 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }67 ON LANGUAGE <em class="replaceable"><code>lang_name</code></em> [, ...]68 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]69 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]70 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]71 72REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]73 { { SELECT | UPDATE } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }74 ON LARGE OBJECT <em class="replaceable"><code>loid</code></em> [, ...]75 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]76 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]77 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]78 79REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]80 { { SET | ALTER SYSTEM } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }81 ON PARAMETER <em class="replaceable"><code>configuration_parameter</code></em> [, ...]82 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]83 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]84 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]85 86REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]87 { { CREATE | USAGE } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }88 ON SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...]89 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]90 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]91 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]92 93REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]94 { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }95 ON TABLESPACE <em class="replaceable"><code>tablespace_name</code></em> [, ...]96 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]97 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]98 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]99 100REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]101 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }102 ON TYPE <em class="replaceable"><code>type_name</code></em> [, ...]103 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]104 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]105 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]106 107REVOKE [ { ADMIN | INHERIT | SET } OPTION FOR ]108 <em class="replaceable"><code>role_name</code></em> [, ...] FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]109 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]110 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]111 112<span class="phrase">where <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> can be:</span>113 114 [ GROUP ] <em class="replaceable"><code>role_name</code></em>115 | PUBLIC116 | CURRENT_ROLE117 | CURRENT_USER118 | SESSION_USER119</pre></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-DESCRIPTION"><h2>Description</h2><p>120 The <code class="command">REVOKE</code> command revokes previously granted121 privileges from one or more roles. The key word122 <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code> refers to the implicitly defined group of123 all roles.124 </p><p>125 See the description of the <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a> command for126 the meaning of the privilege types.127 </p><p>128 Note that any particular role will have the sum129 of privileges granted directly to it, privileges granted to any role it130 is presently a member of, and privileges granted to131 <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code>. Thus, for example, revoking <code class="literal">SELECT</code> privilege132 from <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code> does not necessarily mean that all roles133 have lost <code class="literal">SELECT</code> privilege on the object: those who have it granted134 directly or via another role will still have it. Similarly, revoking135 <code class="literal">SELECT</code> from a user might not prevent that user from using136 <code class="literal">SELECT</code> if <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code> or another membership137 role still has <code class="literal">SELECT</code> rights.138 </p><p>139 If <code class="literal">GRANT OPTION FOR</code> is specified, only the grant140 option for the privilege is revoked, not the privilege itself.141 Otherwise, both the privilege and the grant option are revoked.142 </p><p>143 If a user holds a privilege with grant option and has granted it to144 other users then the privileges held by those other users are145 called dependent privileges. If the privilege or the grant option146 held by the first user is being revoked and dependent privileges147 exist, those dependent privileges are also revoked if148 <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> is specified; if it is not, the revoke action149 will fail. This recursive revocation only affects privileges that150 were granted through a chain of users that is traceable to the user151 that is the subject of this <code class="literal">REVOKE</code> command.152 Thus, the affected users might effectively keep the privilege if it153 was also granted through other users.154 </p><p>155 When revoking privileges on a table, the corresponding column privileges156 (if any) are automatically revoked on each column of the table, as well.157 On the other hand, if a role has been granted privileges on a table, then158 revoking the same privileges from individual columns will have no effect.159 </p><p>160 When revoking membership in a role, <code class="literal">GRANT OPTION</code> is instead161 called <code class="literal">ADMIN OPTION</code>, but the behavior is similar.162 Note that, in releases prior to <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 16,163 dependent privileges were not tracked for grants of role membership,164 and thus <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> had no effect for role membership.165 This is no longer the case.166 Note also that this form of the command does not167 allow the noise word <code class="literal">GROUP</code>168 in <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em>.169 </p><p>170 Just as <code class="literal">ADMIN OPTION</code> can be removed from an existing171 role grant, it is also possible to revoke <code class="literal">INHERIT OPTION</code>172 or <code class="literal">SET OPTION</code>. This is equivalent to setting the value173 of the corresponding option to <code class="literal">FALSE</code>.174 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-NOTES"><h2>Notes</h2><p>175 A user can only revoke privileges that were granted directly by176 that user. If, for example, user A has granted a privilege with177 grant option to user B, and user B has in turn granted it to user178 C, then user A cannot revoke the privilege directly from C.179 Instead, user A could revoke the grant option from user B and use180 the <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> option so that the privilege is181 in turn revoked from user C. For another example, if both A and B182 have granted the same privilege to C, A can revoke their own grant183 but not B's grant, so C will still effectively have the privilege.184 </p><p>185 When a non-owner of an object attempts to <code class="command">REVOKE</code> privileges186 on the object, the command will fail outright if the user has no187 privileges whatsoever on the object. As long as some privilege is188 available, the command will proceed, but it will revoke only those189 privileges for which the user has grant options. The <code class="command">REVOKE ALL190 PRIVILEGES</code> forms will issue a warning message if no grant options are191 held, while the other forms will issue a warning if grant options for192 any of the privileges specifically named in the command are not held.193 (In principle these statements apply to the object owner as well, but194 since the owner is always treated as holding all grant options, the195 cases can never occur.)196 </p><p>197 If a superuser chooses to issue a <code class="command">GRANT</code> or <code class="command">REVOKE</code>198 command, the command is performed as though it were issued by the199 owner of the affected object. (Since roles do not have owners, in the200 case of a <code class="command">GRANT</code> of role membership, the command is201 performed as though it were issued by the bootstrap superuser.)202 Since all privileges ultimately come203 from the object owner (possibly indirectly via chains of grant options),204 it is possible for a superuser to revoke all privileges, but this might205 require use of <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> as stated above.206 </p><p>207 <code class="command">REVOKE</code> can also be done by a role208 that is not the owner of the affected object, but is a member of the role209 that owns the object, or is a member of a role that holds privileges210 <code class="literal">WITH GRANT OPTION</code> on the object. In this case the211 command is performed as though it were issued by the containing role that212 actually owns the object or holds the privileges213 <code class="literal">WITH GRANT OPTION</code>. For example, if table214 <code class="literal">t1</code> is owned by role <code class="literal">g1</code>, of which role215 <code class="literal">u1</code> is a member, then <code class="literal">u1</code> can revoke privileges216 on <code class="literal">t1</code> that are recorded as being granted by <code class="literal">g1</code>.217 This would include grants made by <code class="literal">u1</code> as well as by other218 members of role <code class="literal">g1</code>.219 </p><p>220 If the role executing <code class="command">REVOKE</code> holds privileges221 indirectly via more than one role membership path, it is unspecified222 which containing role will be used to perform the command. In such cases223 it is best practice to use <code class="command">SET ROLE</code> to become the specific224 role you want to do the <code class="command">REVOKE</code> as. Failure to do so might225 lead to revoking privileges other than the ones you intended, or not226 revoking anything at all.227 </p><p>228 See <a class="xref" href="ddl-priv.html" title="5.7. Privileges">Section 5.7</a> for more information about specific229 privilege types, as well as how to inspect objects' privileges.230 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-EXAMPLES"><h2>Examples</h2><p>231 Revoke insert privilege for the public on table232 <code class="literal">films</code>:233 234</p><pre class="programlisting">235REVOKE INSERT ON films FROM PUBLIC;236</pre><p>237 </p><p>238 Revoke all privileges from user <code class="literal">manuel</code> on view239 <code class="literal">kinds</code>:240 241</p><pre class="programlisting">242REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON kinds FROM manuel;243</pre><p>244 245 Note that this actually means <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">revoke all privileges that I246 granted</span>”</span>.247 </p><p>248 Revoke membership in role <code class="literal">admins</code> from user <code class="literal">joe</code>:249 250</p><pre class="programlisting">251REVOKE admins FROM joe;252</pre></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-COMPATIBILITY"><h2>Compatibility</h2><p>253 The compatibility notes of the <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a> command254 apply analogously to <code class="command">REVOKE</code>.255 The keyword <code class="literal">RESTRICT</code> or <code class="literal">CASCADE</code>256 is required according to the standard, but <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>257 assumes <code class="literal">RESTRICT</code> by default.258 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.3.166.9"><h2>See Also</h2><span class="simplelist"><a class="xref" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><span class="refentrytitle">GRANT</span></a>, <a class="xref" href="sql-alterdefaultprivileges.html" title="ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES"><span class="refentrytitle">ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES</span></a></span></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-reset.html" title="RESET">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="sql-commands.html" title="SQL Commands">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sql-rollback.html" title="ROLLBACK">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">RESET </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ROLLBACK</td></tr></table></div></body></html>